Henry Boyd

In Relation to Wilstach

• Centaur is not referred to by name
• Venom is secreted from the trunks of trees, there is no mention of fruit
• Reference to “harpies” rather than “furies”
• Physical description of harpies begins with their most human characteristics and then introduces animalistic traits
• Trees referred to as “envious boughs”
• Picking of the branch is graphic with Dante’s hands becoming “all embru’d in gore”
• Soul inside the tree attempts to connect with Dante as they both are/were once human
• Another mention of envy as the soul reveals himself to be Frederic
• Furies are referenced again at the end of the canto

In Relation to Langdon

• Attention is drawn to the “horrid soil” of the forest
• Fruit (or lack thereof) is not mentioned
• It is specified that it was the Harpies’ voices that drove away the Trojans
• References “Lybia’s venom’d race” as opposed to “serpents”
• Virgil references Polydorus when apologizing to the soul
• Virgil’s encouragement for the soul to share his story, “soothe[s] for a hile the mem’ry of [his] wounds”
• Reference to the Sylvan war
• Presence of running souls is acknowledged, but there is no indication of their direction in relation to the travellers
• Vigil’s thoughts of Dante’s thoughts are not remarked upon as explicitly or with repetition as they are in the other translations
• Tree begins to bleed (apparently profusely) before speaking
• Use of “lineage and paternal name” in reference to identity

In Relation to Arndt

• Dogs referred to as “the Brood of night”

In Relation to Kline

• Harpies described to be covered with feathers everywhere except for their faces and necks rather than just on their chests
• “But dusky plumage all the rest deface” Feathers portrayed as a negative aspect, rather than a neutral attribute as it makes the Harpies appear less human
• Dante’s “vain surmise” is not elaborated upon
• “‘Til the black poison burst in ruin round. To Caesar’s heart the venom’d whisper stole”
• “While blood and mingled tears the trunk defile” —could potentially be read as the souls defiling their bodies as trees just as they defaced their bodies by commiting suicide in their previous stage of being