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Archaeology, Fascism, and Italy: Archaeotourism

Archaeology, Fascism, and Italy
Archaeotourism
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table of contents
  1. A Brief History of Italian Fascism
  2. Archaeology as a Rhetorical Tool
  3. Ecrolano
  4. Digging the City
  5. A Destination Remains
  6. Archaeotourism

Archaeological Tourism

Nowadays if you visit Rome, evidence of Mussolini's impact on archaeological excavation has been paved over as much as possible. The shame of his legacy prompting an erasure of his existence rather than a reckoning of his historical impact. The want to cover up mistakes is not unnatural, but it does make it harder to recognize what the start of such an issue might look like in the future. From an outside perspective, it is easy to visit the Imperial Forum in Rome and think of how wonderful it is that Italians must have preserved this archaeological wonder for thousands of years, when the reality is much more bleak. Such sites were made possible by demolishing homes, by uprooting and relocating those deemed 'undesirable' by fascists, then pretending they had never been there to begin with.

A black and white image of the demolition and leveling of the hill Velia between the Colosseum and Piazza Venezia.
AIL-F-034957-0000
Demolition, excavation, Coliseum, Italy, Rome
Men at work in demolition and leveling of the hill Velia between the Colosseum and Piazza Venezia, on the construction of the Empire (now Via dei Fori Imperiali)
Black and white photograph by Luce, Istituto Nazionale, Feb 17th, 1932
Original image size and materials unspecified.
Credit to Luce Institute/Alinari Archives
Permission required for non editorial use. Please contact Alinari Archives.

When visiting archaeological parks or excavated monuments, it is one thing to consider the ruins and artifacts you see, but it is also worth investigating the process that made it possible. Is every archaeological exhibit propaganda? Probably not. However, it is worth remembering that spaces hold meaning, they can be designed in a way to present a particular story. Enjoy yourself as a tourist, but keep a critical eye on what might be missing.

A color photo of the Arch of Constantine in Rome on March 30th, 2024. There are tourists around all sides of the Arch going about their day.
Arch of Constantine
Arch of Constantine, Rome, tourism, monument, arch
A photo of the Arch of Constantine in Rome on March 30th, 2024.
Color digital photo by Chris Dolinski, 2024
Taken on iPhone 14, 3020x4020 pixels
Personal Archive of Chris Dolinski, all righs reserved

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