The index that appeared in the print version of this title was intentionally removed from the eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.
Analects (Lunyu)
authenticity; “authenticity crisis,”
blood writing: Chongzhen emperor’s objections to; copies of the Classic of Filial Piety (Xiaojing); as an extreme ritual; Fang Yizhi’s blood memorial; Wei Xuelian’s blood memorial; Zhang Pu’s declaration to avenge his dead father; Zhou Maolan’s blood memorial
Book of Poetry (Shijing)
Brokaw, Cynthia J.
Buddhism: and the Cheng brothers anecdote; Gu Mei’s devotion and philanthropy; late-Ming popularity of; pursued by women; sensationalistic representation of; and the Yangming school of Neo-Confucianism; Zheng Man’s devotion to; Zheng Zhenxian’s devotion to
Cao Rong
celebrity culture: and Confucian moralism; and image politics; and late-Ming publishing. See also Huang Daozhou
Chen Biqian
Chen Jiru
Chen Liang, and the Wei brothers
Chen Mingxia
Chen Xinjia
Chen Yinke
Cheng Zhengkui
Chen Zhenhui
Chen Zilong
Cheng brothers anecdote
Chia, Lucille
Chongzhen emperor: blood memorials declared improper; factionalism at the court of; funeral of; and Gong Dingzhi; promotion of Yang Sichang; suicide of; and the “Traitors’ Case” (Ni’an); and Wei Dazhong
Chow, Kai-wing
Classic of Filial Piety (Xiaojing): blood writing; Feng Quan’s commentary on; Huang Daozhou’s hand copying of; ritual use of; and zhongxiao
Coady, C.A.J.
concubines: cultural ideal of the figure of; double suicide of Yan Ermei’s wife and concubine; and Zheng Man’s alleged misconduct. See also Gu Mei
Confucian ethics: gendered nature of; of “loyal turncoats”; and moral image-making efforts. See also Confucian family tales; Confucian gender system; Confucian moralism
Confucian family tales: and the authentic expression and sincere pursuit of Confucian virtues; and biographies, pamphlets, and anecdotes about officials; and family romance (jiazu xiaoshuo); and the framing of images of political actors; and Manchu moral superiority; and Qing ethno-dynastic rule; and the sensationalizing of officials’ domestic lives; Song family tale of Madam Ding. See also Cheng brothers anecdote; Water Margin (Shuihu zhuan); zhongxiao (lit., “loyalty and filial piety”)
Confucian gender system: and Buddhism; and the Classic of Filial Piety; and the commemoration of Gu Mei; Confucian masculine virtues; and the continuum of Confucian moralism; and “disloyal officials,”; and the Five Cardinal Relations (Wulun); and the nan/nü binary. See also Confucian ethics; Confucian family tales; Confucian moralism; courtesans; Manchu women; women; zhongxiao
Confucian moralism: as a gendered continuum centered on zhongxiao; and celebrity culture; Five Cardinal Relations (Wulun); and the Fushe’s claims to be a group of moral exemplars; Manchu assertion of superiority; and masculinity; ritual as an approach of; and seventeenth-century politics. See also blood writing; Classic of Filial Piety (Xiaojing); Confucian family tales; Confucian gender system; Five Cardinal Relations; zhongxiao
courtesans: and the Cheng brothers anecdote; cultural ideal of the figure of; and the Donglin image; Nanjing pleasure quarters. See also Gu Mei
Cui Chengxiu
Dardess, John
Dennerline, Jerry
Donglin image: and Confucian masculine virtues; increasing importance of; and late-Ming courtesan figures; and moral superiority; multiple definitions of; officials portrayed as “fake” moral exemplars; and the proliferation of print; and Tianqi period factionalism; in the Wanli period
Donglin lists: and factional politics; focus on personal moral image; List of Notorious Donglin Factionalists (Donglin dangren bang); List of Notorious Donglin Fighters (Donglin dianjiang lu); The Seditious Donglin Clique (Daobing Donglin huo). See also Fan Jingwen; Gu Xiancheng; Huang Daozhou; Jiang Yueguang; Ni Yuanlu; Wei Dazhong; Wen Zhenmeng; Wu Liang; Wu Yuancui; Zheng Man; Zheng Zhenxian
Dorgon regency; and Chen Mingxia; demise of; factionalism during; head-shaving policy; and Hong Chengchou
Du Jun
duoqing cases: of Chen Mingxia; contradictory attitudes towards; of Cui Chengxiu; of Feng Quan; of Hong Chengchou; of Song Quan; viewed as inauspicious events; of Weng Wanda; of Yang Sichang; of Zhang Juzheng
erchen (twice-serving officials): and Han officials who surrendered; Han “turncoats” distinguished from
eunuch faction (yandang): Chongzhen emperor’s opposition of; Donglin blacklists concocted by; and seventeenth-century image politics; and the “Traitors’ Case” (Ni’an); and Yang Sichang. See also Wei Zhongxian
factionalism (dangzheng): attacks on personal moral records; and Confucian family tales; defined; groups associated with the home regions of respective leaders; and image politics; in the late Ming. See factionalism (dangzheng), in the late Ming; Nan-Bei dang (Southerner-Northerner factional divide). See also Zhe faction
factionalism (dangzheng), in the late Ming; attacks on personal moral records during; and East Asian trade, war, and diplomacy; and the proliferation of print; targeting of Zheng Zhenxian; and the Traitors’ Case; and Yan Song. See also Donglin lists; Fushe activists; Han “turncoats”; Ruan Dacheng; Shunzhi emperor, factionalism during the times of; Song dynasty, factionalism; Southern Ming—Hongguang court, factionalism; Wanli reign period, factionalism; Zheng Man
Fan Chengmo
Fan Jingwen
Fan Wencheng
Fang Kongzhao
Fang Yizhi: blood memorial; and the fall of Beijing; and Gong Dingzi; grandfather Fang Xuejian; mixed public image of; as one of the Fushe Four Gentlemen; poem “Jichu,”; shoumu performed by; Works from Manyu (Manyu cao)
Fang Zhenru, Gu Mei’s painting for
Fei, Siyen
Feng Menglong; on Chen Biqian; Jokes from History and the Present Day (Gujin xiao)
Feng Quan: duoqing request; impeachments against; Manchu “secondary wife” (ciqi) of; memorial jointly submitted with Song Quan; mother’s birthday; retirement of
filial acts: gegu; lumu. See also duoqing cases
Five Cardinal Relations (Wulun). See also Confucian ethics; Confucian family tales; Confucian gender system; Confucian moralism; friendship
friendship: ethics of; and the Five Cardinal Relations; between Gong Dingzi and Yan Ermei; ideal of male-male friendship; and the loyalty of Fushe members; and political choices; and shenjiao (spiritual attraction); of turncoats and Ming loyalists; Zhang Pu on
The Frost of Guilin (Guilin shuang) by Jiang Shiquan
Fushe activists: and the “fake” versus “genuine” binary; and the Five Cardinal Relations (Wulun); Fushe Four Gentlemen (Fushe Si Gongzi); Zhou Zhikui’s defection. See also Chen Zhenhui; Fang Yizhi; Gong Dingzi; Li Wen; Shen Shoumin; two Zhangs; Wei Xuelian; Wu Bing; Wu Weiye; Zhang Cai; Zhang Pu; Zhang Zilie
Gao Panlong
generation: and dynastic change; transgenerational transmission of factionalism; the Zheng family scandal
Geng Jingzhong
Gong Dingzi; arrest and imprisonment; brothers; and Chen Mingxia; depicted as a disloyal turncoat; and the Fang family; Gong family genealogy; identified in Ma Shiying’s memorial; mourning of his father; service as a magistrate; status as a Fushe associate; suicide attempted by; and Yan Ermei
The Green Peony (Lü mudan)
Gu Mei: as a celebrated courtesan in Nanjing; Buddhist devotion and philanthropy of, ix; burial of; and the Changchun Temple, ix; image transformation; loyalty of; orchid painting for Cao Rong; orchid painting for Gong Dingjian; painting for Fang Zhenru; as “Woman Xu” in the Gong family genealogy
Gu Xiancheng
Han Feizi
Han “turncoats”: conflicting loyalties to the Ming and Qing; erchen (twice-serving officials) distinguished from; evolving image of; and the imagery of Yu, Xin’s “The Lament for the South” (Ai Jiangnan fu); and living through dynastic change; moral image of; and the Nan-Bei dang (Southerner-Northerner factional divide); Shunzhi’s campaign against. See also Chen Mingxia; Dorgon; Feng Quan; Gong Dingzi; Hong Chengchou; Hu Shi’an; Huang Tu’an; Jin Zhijun; Li Wen; Luo Guoshi; Song Quan; traitors; Wu Weiye
Hao Jie
He Canran: commentary on Wu Yuancai’s Linju manlu; Counter-Counter-Commentary on Random Notes (Bo Bo Manlu pingzheng); Critical Commentary on Random Notes (Manlu pingzheng); Donglin ideal of
head shaving (tifa)
Ho Koon-piu
Hong Chengchou; Manchu wife
Hongguang Court. See Southern Ming
Hu Shi’an
Huang Daozhou: Classic of Filial Piety copied in blood; Classic of Filial Piety serialization; execution of; recognized by the Qianlong emperor as “a perfect man of his era” (yidai wanren); ritualized embodiment of zhongxiao; shoumu-chushan metaphor of his image
Huang Tu’an
Huang Zongxi
Hunt, Lynn
image politics: and celebrity culture; and factional negotiations; personal ethical defects targeted; and publishing ventures; and Qing “ethno-dynastic rule,”; Shunzhi emperor’s assertion of Manchu superiority. See also Donglin image; Donglin lists; moral image; zhongxiao (lit., “loyalty and filial piety”) exemplars
Jiajing reign period: exemplars Feng Xingke and Qu Jia; factionalism during; inauspicious mourning violations
Jiang Cai
Jiang Gai
Jiang Yueguang
Jin Risheng, Documents of Heavenly Justice (Song tian lu bi)
Jin Zhijun
Kangxi reign period: deployment of “dynastic filiality,”; Gong Dongzi’s career during; Temple Lament Case (Kumiao An); and the three feudatories
Kishimoto Mio
Lei Yanzuo
Li Qing
Li Sancai
Li, Wai-yee
Li Weiyue
Li Wen
Li Xinchuan
Li Yuanding
Li Zhi
Li Zicheng’s occupation of Beijing
Liu Rushi
loyalty: alleged faking of; courtesans as heroic loyalists; early Qing discourse of; and female chastity; and the Five Cardinal Relations; Li Weiyu’s memorial on using the word ni (disloyal); orchid as a metaphor for. See also Han “turncoats”; Ming loyalists (yimin); traitors; zhongxiao
Lü Gong
Luo Guoshi
Ma Shiying
“Manchu way,”; head shaving (tifa)
Manchu women, as wives of Han officials
masculinity: and Confucian moralism; and “disloyal officials” (nichen); and Donglin image; Han criticisms of Qing emperors’ performance of masculine virtues; and the image of disloyal officials; and literati zhongxiao (lit., “loyalty and filial piety”); Yan Ermei’s image of masculine exemplariness
Meng Zhaoxiang
Miller, Harry
Ming loyalists (yimin): and the image of Han “turncoats,”; Qing discourse of yimin identity; Zhuo Erkan, Yimin Poetry (Yimin shi). See also Li Qing; Wei Xi; Xia Yunyi; Zhang Zilie; Zhuo Erkan
Mitchell, W. J. T.
moral image: defined; of “disloyal officials,”; of Gong Dingzi; of Han “turncoats,”; and the Ming-Qing transition; and print culture; of Song Quan; Yan Ermei’s image of masculine exemplariness. See also Donglin image; Donglin lists; image politics
moralism: theorized in modern Western contexts. See also Confucian moralism
Nanjing: Fan Jingwen (president of the Board of War in); Fushe camaraderie; literati society; pleasure quarters; Southern Ming émigré court established in
Ni Yuanlu
official gazetteers (dibao)
pamphlets: defending Song Zhisheng by Chen Mengxia; and image politics; On Admonishing Officials’ Minds (Yuzhi renchen jingxin lu) of Wang Yongji; Zheng Man’s publishing ventures
Peterson, Willard
printing politics: and competition for authority in print; and factionalism; increased availability of printed official gazetteers (dibao); the “literary public sphere,”. See also pamphlets
public sphere: early modern Europe contrasted with Chinese context of; the “literary public sphere,”
publishing. See official gazetteers (dibao); pamphlets; printing politics; vernacular novels
Qian Daxin
Qian Qianyi
Qian Renlin
Qian Fen
Qianlong emperor: Biographies of Twice-Serving Officials; discourse on erchen; Huang Daozhao recognized as “a perfect man of his era” (yidai wanren)
Ruan Dacheng’s persecution of Donglin-Fushe figures: and Fang Yizhi; and Feng Quan; Fushe campaign against; and Ma Shiying; murder of Wei Dazhong
Shang Zhixin
Shen Shoumin: and the friendship and filial piety of Fushe activists; memorials criticizing Yang Sichang; on self-cultivation as a key issue for Confucian officials; on Wan Shihua’s letter to Zheng Man
Shi Kefa
Shi Min
shoumu (voluntarily taking up residence near the family tombs)
Shun an (“Collaborators’ Case”)
Shun regime
Shunzhi emperor: death of; Examination Scandal (Kechang An) during reign of; factionalism during the times of; factionalists punished by; Feng Quan’s commentary on the Classic of Filial Piety; and Feng Quan’s memorial; image politics; Nan-Bei dang (Southerner-Northerner factional divide) appropriated by; sexual impropriety of
sincerity
Song dynasty: Cheng brothers; factionalism; Han Qi; Su Shi; Zhu Xi
Song Luo
Song Quan: Baihua Poems from a Time of Sojourning (Baihua ke kuang); moral image of; mother (Madam Ding); shift in loyalty to the Qing
Song Xun
Song Yizhen
Southern Ming: Longwu court; Nanjing factional battles; Prince of Fu; Prince of Lu
Southern Ming—Hongguang court: emperor; factionalism; fall of; imperial succession
suicide: attempted by Gong Dingzi; attempted by Xiong Wenju; attempted by Yang Shicong, his wife, and concubines; of the Chongzhen emperor; double suicide of Yan Ermei’s wife and concubine; of Meng Zhaoxiang; of Ni Yuanlu; by zhongxiao-inspired officials
Sun Lin
Sun Zhixie
Sun Poling
Tan Qian
Three Feudatories
Tianqi reign period: factionalism during; and Donglin-identified officials
traitors: “Case of Traitors’ Followers” (Cong ni an); Ma Shiying’s memorial “Execute the Traitor Officials” (Qing zhu nichen shu); Traitors’ Case (Ni’an). See also Han “turncoats”
turncoats. See Han “turncoats”
two Zhangs: as founders and early leaders of the Fushe; Zhang Cai and Zhang Pu’s shared experiences; Zhou Zhikui’s betrayal of
vernacular novels: A Great Hero’s Story (Da yingxiong zhuan); and the “literary public sphere,”; and material from official gazetteers; Story of Zhongxiao (Zhongxiao zhuan); “teaching of novels” (xiaoshuo jiao); An Unofficial Account of Zheng’s Dismissal (Fang Zheng xiaoshi). See also Water Margin (Shuihu zhuan)
Wakeman, Frederic
Wanli reign period: and the Donglin image; factionalism during; Zhang Juzheng’s duoqing
Wan Shihua, Collected Works of Gaiyuan (Gaiyuan ji)
Water Margin (Shuihu zhuan), and the framing of images of political actors; Chen Biqian matched with a rebel character from; Qian Qianyi matched with rebel Yan Qing; Wen Zhenmeng matched with rebel Xiao Rang; Zheng Man matched with rebel Zheng Tianshou; Zheng Zhenxian matched with rebel Bai Sheng
Wei Dazhong
Wei Xi
Wei Xuelian
Wei Xueyi: and Chen Liang; death and burial of; filial devotion; writings
Wei Yijie
Wei Zhongxian
Wen Tiren
Wen Zhenmeng
women: Buddhism pursued by; charitable adoption of baby girls; double suicide of Yan Ermei’s wife and concubine; left out of Xiong Wenju’s account of escaping Beijing; networking in “apolitical” spaces. See also concubines; Confucian gender system; courtesans; Manchu women
Wu Bing
Wu Liang: Donglin ideal of; Memorials of the Wanli Court (Wanli shuchao); self-identification as a Donglin; and Zheng Zhenxian; Zhu Geng criticized by
Wu Sangui
Wu Weiye
Wu Yuancui; Counter-Commentary on Critical Commentary on Random Notes (Bo Manlu pingzheng); Donglin ideal of; Draft Work from the Yi’an Hall (Yi’antang gao); and Li Sancai; Random Notes Taken in Retirement (Linju manlu); and Zheng Man
xiaopin-style literature
Xia Yunyi
Xiong Wencan
Xiong Wenju
Xu Xi
Xunzi
Yan Ermei: anti-Qing military activities; double suicide of his wife and concubine; and Gong Dingzi; image of masculine exemplariness
Yan Ermei—poems: on the double suicide of his wife and concubine; eight poems sent to Gong Dingzi; five poems sent to GonZhang Cai.g Dingzi; poem to Fang Wen; poetic documentation of his reproach of Zhao Fuxing; thirty poems composed for Gong Dingzi
Yan Hun
Yang Haiying
Yang Rucheng
Yang Sichang; and Chen Xinjia; eunuch faction ties; and Huang Daozhou; promotion of; suicide of; and Sun Chuanting
Yangming school of Neo-Confucianism: and Chan Buddhism; and the Cheng brothers anecdote; criticism of
yimin: Qing discourse of; Zhuo Erkan, Yimin Poetry (Yimin shi). See also Ming loyalists (yimin); Yu, Huai
Yu, Huai, Miscellaneous Records of the Plank Bridge (Banqiao zaji)
Yu, Jimmy
Yuan Chonghuan
Yunqi Zhuhong
Yu Xin
Zhang Cai. See also two Zhangs
Zhang Pu; “On the Stele at the Tombs of the Five Martyrs” (Wuren mubei ji). See also two Zhangs
Zhang Juzheng
Zhang Zilie: cautionary letters on self-discipline; cautionary letters on self-discipline written to Sun Lin; and Wu Shen’s publication of poems; and Zheng Man
Zhao, Kaixin
Zhe faction (Zhe dang): and the Donglin faction; and the eunuch faction; literati competition with the Fushe
Zheng Man: Chen Zilong’s denouncement of; Documents of Heavenly Justice by Jin Risheng; execution of; Huang Daozhuo’s defense of; matched with fictional character Zheng Tianshou; and the novel, A Great Hero’s Story (Da yingxiong zhuan); and the novel, An Unofficial Account of Zheng’s Dismissal (Fang Zheng xiaoshi); portrayed as “fake” moral exemplars; publishing ventures; sexual immorality of; status in the Donglin community; and Su Shi; Wan Shihua’s letter to; Wen Tiren’s impeachment of; “Zaiyu Asks about the Three-Year Mourning,”
Zheng Xuan, Daily Compilations at the Zuofei Studio (Zuofei’an ri zuan)
Zheng Zhenxian: contested moral image of; status in the Donglin community; and Wu Liang
zhongxiao (lit., “loyalty and filial piety”): Chen Mingxia’s betrayal of the ethics of; Dorgon’s disregard of; and literati masculinity. See also zhongxiao (lit., “loyalty and filial piety”) exemplars
zhongxiao (lit., “loyalty and filial piety”) exemplars: Fan-lineage Han bannerman-officials; Gong Dingzi; in the Han Feizi; Huang Tu’an; and multiple Confucian ethical ideals; Wei Xuelian; Wei Xueyi; Wu Sangui. See also Confucian moralism; Huang Daozhou; Song Quan
Zhou Shunchang
Zhou Zhikui
Zhu Geng
Zhu Tonglei
Zhuo Erkan, Yimin Poetry (Yimin shi)