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Empire and Identity in Guizhou: Index

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table of contents
  1. Cover
  2. Title
  3. Copyright
  4. Contents
  5. Foreword
  6. Acknowledgments
  7. Maps
  8. 1 / Guizhou and the Livelihoods Approach to Zhongjia History
  9. 2 / Natural, Human, and Historical Landscapes
  10. 3 / The Consolidation of Qing Rule
  11. 4 / Livelihood Choices in the Mid-Eighteenth Century
  12. 5 / The Nanlong Uprising of 1797
  13. 6 / A Legacy of Fragile Hegemony
  14. Notes
  15. Chinese Glossary
  16. Bibliography
  17. Index

INDEX

The index that appeared in the print version of this title was intentionally removed from the eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below

acculturation, versus assimilation

Aertai (governor of Sichuan)

investigation of crime

agency, indigenous

of marginalized peoples

under Qing

agriculture: Han

slash-and-burn

Zhongjia

Aibida (governor of Guizhou)

Handbook of Guizhou

A Ji, talisman of

A Jin (Zhongjia strongman)

A Jiu

alchemy: ceremonies of

in Huang San case

A Liu

An clan

trade network of

and Wu Sangui

Angu, in Nanlong Uprising

An Kun (Nasi Yi official)

Anlong (Guizhou province)

Annan, in Nanlong Uprising

Anshun prefecture (Guizhou)

climate of

military presence in

in Nanlong Uprising

provincial military command at

Tunpu villages near

Zhongjia raid on

A Shou (swindler)

Atwill, David

Baeu Rodo (Zhuang ancestor)

Baishui waterfalls (Guizhou)

Balongtun, in Nanlong Uprising

banditry: in Guizhou province

social

Bangzha, Qing attack on

Bao Changding (Huang San case)

Baomu Bai (bumo)

practice of duangong magic

Baomu Lun (bumo)

Beixiang (Nanlong hamlet)

Bengjia (Nanlong prefecture)

bharal (Himalayan blue sheep)

Bifengshan, in Nanlong Uprising

Bonnin, Christine

Bouxcuengh (Tai speakers)

bouxhak (term)

bouxhek (term)

bouxloeh (term)

bouxnongz (term)

Bouxnungz (term)

Bouyeix (autonym)

Bouyeix people

Bo Y people (Vietnam)

Buddhism: Theravada

Tibetan

Yellow Hat School of

bumo (ritual specialists)

in Buyi communities

communication with spirit realm

in contemporary communities

practice of alchemy

relationship to Daoist priests. See also mogong

Bu Xiujia (swindler)

Buyi people: ancestors of

bumo of

Chinese genealogies of

cultural influences on

ethnic family of

ethnonyms of

feudal oppressors of

of Guizhou

of Guizhou-Guangxi borderlands

language of

livelihood choices of

Meishan Daoism of

modern

negotiation of state development

nomenclature for

preservation of identity

of Qiannan prefecture

relationship with Zhuang

religious texts of

tingmu system of

written language of. See also folk literature, Buyi; Zhongjia people

Cai Chenggui (military official)

Cai Yurong (governor-general of Yunnan and Guizhou)

Caohai Nature Reserve (Guizhou)

protests over

Ceheng, annexation to Guizhou

Cen clan: ancestral home of

Chinese genealogy of

control of Sicheng region

ethnicity of

Guangxi domains of

Huang lineage group

inner/outer dependencies of

relations with Ming court

relations with Qing court

Zhejiang roots of

Cen Jilu (native prefect of Sicheng)

Cen Peng (Han dynasty general)

Cen Shumuhan (Yuan dynasty native official)

Cen Yingchen (native prefect of Sicheng): overthrow of

personal army of

Cen Zhongshu (hero)

Chang Shan (brigade commander)

Changzhai (Guizhou province): in Nanlong Uprising

Qing military presence in

standoff at

Chen Yuanxun, Colonel: attack on A Jin

Chen Ziyu (swindler)

chieftains (tingmu): respect for

of Sicheng prefecture

tenant farmers of

of Yongfeng

Chinese Communist Party: end of feudalism under

non-Han groups and

political agenda of

Chu kingdom

chữ-nôm script (Vietnam)

Clarke, Samuel

on Zhongjia

colonialism: construction of identity under

twenty-first century

colonialism, Qing: in Dingfan-Guangshun region

in Guizhou

Confucian culture: education in

indigenous appropriations of

Nanlong Uprising’s rejection of

state-imposed

Zhongjia adaptations of

copper: in Qing coins

of Yunnan

Crais, Clifton

crime

anti-Qing

cross-border

in Guiding

in Guizhou province

Han-on-Han

Huang San case

informants

in Langdai subprefecture

motives for

in Nan-long

palace memorials on

Qing sources for

in Sicheng

“crossing the darkness” (ritual)

Crossley, Pamela Kyle

Cui Lin (Changzhai assistant brigade commander)

death of

cupellation

Dali (kingdom)

Dangzhan (Nanlong hamlet): Qing assault on

as Wei Qiluoxu’s hometown

Wei Qiluoxu’s control of

Daoism: influence on Zhongjia religion

Maoshan

marginalization of

Meishan

Qing view of

Dapoling, Qing capture of

Da Wang Gong

aid to Wei Qiluoxu

in “Immortal Maiden Wang”

Dayanjiao (Guizhou), criminals’ targeting of

Diamond, Norma

Dingfan-Guangshun region: banditry in

colonial space of

ethnic groups of

Han residents of

imposition of order in

military presence in

Ming government of

in Nanlong Uprising

native officials of

pacification of

Qing colonialism in

Qing reforms in

resistance to Qing in

troop strength in

tusi system in

Yongzheng’s reforms in

Zhongjia of

Di Qing (Song dynasty general)

Dongmajia (hamlet)

Dongsa (Nanlong hamlet)

Qing attack on

Wang Nangxian’s cult in

Wei Qiluoxu’s control of

Dong Zhengyuan (Daoist priest)

poverty of

punishment of

duangong (magic)

Daoist influence in

in Huang San case

and Maoshan Daoism

and Mo rituals. See also magic

Ebrey, Patricia

education, Confucian

for native officials

unintended consequences of

E’hui (governor-general of Yunnan-Guizhou)

elites, indigenous: agency of

control of rural areas. See also indigenes

ethnicities: commodification of

of Guizhou

versus nations

PRC classifications of

Qing reforms concerning. See also indigenes

ethnography: in Miao albums

nationalistic

Qing

of Taiwanese

of Zhongjia people

ethnology, Chinese

Fang Shijun (governor of Guizhou): interrogation of Ran Jing

investigation of Langdai crime

investigation of Wei Xuewen

Feng Guangxiong (governor of Guizhou)

anti-poverty measures

in “Immortal Maiden Wang”

imperial instructions to

meeting with Le Bao

on Zhongjia rebels

“Five Nations Under Heaven”

folk literature, Buyi: magico-religious components of

Nanlong Uprising in

oral tradition of

PRC historians and

Fukang’an (governor general of Hubei-Hunan)

gaitu guiliu

in Guizhou province

in Sicheng prefecture

in western Hunan

Yongzheng’s implementation of

Gao Qizhuo (governor general of Yunnan-Guizhou)

and Guizhou-Guangxi dispute

memorials of

Gazetteer of Guizhou province (1673)

Gazetteer of Xilong district (1673)

gazetteers, local

Geng Jingzhong (hereditary governor)

Giay people (Vietnam)

Giersch, C. Patterson

good-luck charms: anti-Qing slogans on

format of

sale of

Guangshun (Guizhou province): anti-Qing unrest in

slaughter of Zhongjia in

Guangxi province: administrative districts of

Cen clan in

eleventh-century rebellion in

land use in

malaria in

settlers from

Tai speakers of

tusi system in

Zhuang of

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Guanling, in Nanlong Uprising

Guansuling, Zhongjia capture of

Gui, Prince of. See Yongli

Guiding, crime in

Guiyang prefecture (Guizhou)

climate of

in Nanlong Uprising

subprefectural magistrate (tongban) of

Xu Xiake in

Guiyang Steel Factory, protests at

Guizhou-Guangxi borderlands: Buyi in

cultural ties of

Hongshui River in

Qing control of

Qing creation of

Qing reforms in

resistance to Qing in

territorial dispute in

tingmu system of

Yongzheng’s redrawing of

Guizhou province

agriculture of

An clan in

autonyms of

banditry in

Board of Appointments

Board of War

Buyi of

censuses of

charitable schools of

Chinese officials on

civilian officials of

climate of

Confucian education in

cuisine of

ecology of

economy of

ethnicities of

ethnonyms of

exonyms of

geology of

grain crops of

Han of

immigrants into

karst topography of

land use in

literacy in

local officials of

Miao of

Miao rebellions in

military native officials (tusi) of

mineral resources of

Nasu Yi control of

Nationalities Affairs Commission

nomenclature in

outsiders’ accounts of

population size of

poverty of

Qing colonialism in

Qing conquest of

rainfall of

regional military commissioner (duzhihui shi) of

routes (lu) in

salt imports

settlers from Guangxi

soil conditions of

taxation of

terrain of

Xu Xiake’s exploration of

of Yuan dynasty

Zhongjia people of

Guizhou province, Ming-era

administrative units of

civil officials of

establishment of

Han population of

military officials of

native officials of

population statistics of

provincial administration commissioner

Guizhou province, Qing-era: administrative units of

agriculture in

annexation of Sicheng

autonomy of

banditry in

charity schools (yixue) of

Chinese state in

civil officials of

conscription in

consolidation of rule in

crime in

departments annexed to

early years of

extortion cases in

gaitu guiliu in

gang activities in

Han settlers in

under Kangxi emperor

knowledge production concerning

livelihoods in

military officials of

Ming loyalists in

multiculturalism of

native officials of

native-state relations in

non-state spaces of

prefectures of

public schools of

Qing civilizing projects in

Qing colonialism in

resistance in

under Shunzhi emperor

Sinicization in

state penetration into

state spaces of

taxation in

tusi system of

violence in

Wu Sangui’s control of

Yongli’s resistance in

Yongzheng’s officials in

Zhongjia of

Zhongjia rebels in

Guizhou province, twenty-first century

development projects of

migration from

poverty in

Qing legacy in

social unrest in

socioeconomic disparities in

tourism in

Guizhou tongshi (history)

Guy, R. Kent

Guzhou (Guizhou province), Miao rebellion in

Han Chinese: agriculture of

contributions to Qing state

cultural norms of

of Dingfan-Guangshun

of Guizhou

interactions with Zhongjia

migration to Guizhou

of Ming Guizhou

in Nanlong Uprising

in Qing culture

tourists

Zhongjia names for

Hani people (Yunnan)

Han Liangfu (governor of Guangxi)

Harrell, Stevan

on civilizing projects

Herman, John

He Zhanbie (Zhongjia headman)

Hmong people

flight from Laos

state-mandated education for in modern Vietnam

Holm, David

on dialects

on Mo texts

on Panhu

Recalling Lost Souls

Hongshui River

Ho Ping-ti

Hostetler, Laura

Huangcaoba garrison

Cen Yingchen at

during Kangxi period

in Nanlong Uprising

Huangguoshu, waterfalls at

Huang San

birthplace of

capture of

in Ceheng

imprisonment of

literacy of

master-disciple network of

practice of magic

sale of good-luck charms

search for spirit silver

testimony of

Huang San case (1743)

alchemy in

conspirators in

investigation into

magic in

message for Qing authorities

witnesses in

Huang Yiren

Huang Zuxian (alchemist): in Huang San case

imprisonment of

real name of

Hubei, White Lotus rebels in

Huffman, Brent

Hunan province: gaitu guiliu in

Miao rebellion (1795)

Qing troops in

reforms in

social banditry in

Hundred Yue (Baiyue) people

ties with Kadai

“Immortal Maiden Wang” (folk narrative)

injustice in

Mabie River episode in

scholarship on

technology in. See also Wang Niangxian

immortals: impersonation of

maidens

“realized”

Imperially Authorized Mirror of the Five Scripts of Letters

Imperially Commissioned Unified-language Gazetteer of the Western Regions

indigenes

appropriation of Confucian culture

autonomy of

Chinese officials and

education for

of Guizhou

orthographic conventions for

poverty of

Qing accommodations to

relationship with Qing officials

in Qing empire

self-interest of

Sinicization in

in state tourism

Taiwanese

use of dog character for

under Yongzheng emperor. See also ethnicities; marginalized peoples

informants, motives of

Jenks, Robert

Jia Jiangjun, General

Jiang Lan (governor of Yunnan)

in Huangcaoba siege

Jiaqing emperor, in “Song of the Nanlong Resistance”

Jin Anjiang

Jobtei (Qing general)

Kadai people: language of

ties with Baiyue

Kangxi emperor: Guizhou policy of

palace memorials of

policy in southwest China

restoration of Shuixi clan

and Wu Sangui

Kaup, Katherine

Khmu people (Laos)

Langdai subprefecture (Anshun): ethnic composition of

extortion in

Leach, Edmund R.

Le Bao (governor-general of Yunnan-Guizhou)

advance to Nanlong

in Anshun

assault on Dongsa

assault on Yangchang

capture of Xincheng

capture of Yongning

career of

contact with Zhongjia villagers

engagement with Zhongjia rebels

in “Immortal Maiden Wang”

march toward Wangchengpo

meeting with Feng Guangxiong

in “Song of the Nanlong Resistance”

victory in Hubei

Lee, James

on Guizhou population

on native officials

legal norms, Qing: circumvention of

Zhongjia compliance with

Leng Tianfang

Li Bao

Liu military family (Xingyi)

livelihoods

anthropological study of

Buyi

conflict with state ideals

ecological factors in

extralegal

under PRC

twenty-first century

livelihoods, Zhongjia

coercion in

exploitative

extralegal

following Nanlong Uprising

in Nanlong Uprising

palace memorials on

Qing responses to

religious aspects of

resistance in

social aspects of

strategies of

Lolo people

of Guizhou. See also Nasu Yi people; Yi people

Lombard-Salmon, Claudine

Lu-ho polity (Yunnan)

Luoke (Guangxi territory)

Luo Puti

Luo Shirong: execution of

swindling of

Luoyue people

Lu Quan (informant)

livelihood of

Mabie River

in “Immortal Maiden Wang”

in Nanlong Uprising

in “Song of the Nanlong Resistance”

magic: role in Nanlong Uprising

in Saya San Rebellion

Wang Niangxian’s use of

Wei Qiluoxu’s practice of

Zhongjia belief in. See also duangong

magicians, networks of

Ma Huipo (commander-in-chief), in Changzhai standoff

Manchus: influence on Qing culture

Ming institutions of

Tibetan Buddhism of

Mann, Susan

Mao Wenquan (governor of Guizhou)

overthrow of Xue Shiqian

Mao Zedong

marginalized peoples: agency of

forms of power

and national states

power strategies of. See also indigenes

Ma Yin (Chu king)

McCord, Edward

McMahon, Daniel

McNicholas, Mark

Miao albums, ethnographic depictions in

Miao people

agriculture of

Chinese descriptions of

ethnicity of

ethnonyms of

fear of disaster

as generic term

of Guizhou

and the Hmong of Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand

Ming sources on

in Nanlong uprising

under Nasu Yi

nationalist criteria for

population size of

Qing expedition against

Qing sources on

rebellion (1795)

reluctance to pay taxes

Sinicization of

slaves

swindling of

miasmas (zhangqi), of Nanlong

Michaud, Jean

on Hmong education

on informants

Millward, James

on scholarly imperialism

Ming dynasty: Dingfan-Guangshun region under

indigenous rulers of

relations with Cen clan

Sicheng prefecture during. See also Guizhou province, Ming-era

mining, in Guizhou province

mogong (ritual specialists). See also bumo

Mo Loekgyap (Buyi ancestor)

Mongolia: influence on Qing culture

Qing rule over

Mo religion

duangong and

good-luck charms of

priestesses of

texts of

Wei Qiluoxu’s practice of

Mumajia (hamlet)

Muslims, influence in Qing culture

Nacha (immortal), impersonation of

Nanlong prefecture (Guizhou)

climate of

colonial space of

creation of

crime in

criminal justice in

districts of

Han immigrants in

imperial rule in

jurisdictions under

miasmas of

Qing defense of

Qing recapture of

Qing reforms in

renaming of

state space in

subordination to Guiyang

troop strength in

xianyong militia of

under Yongzheng emperor

Zhongjia attack on

Nanlong Uprising (1797)

Anshun prefecture in

Balongtun in

Bangzha in

Bifengshan in

Buyi folk narratives on

Buyi scholarship on

causes of

charismatic leadership of

ethnic unity following

folk religion in

Guanling in

Guiyang prefecture in

in Guzhou

Han in

Han soldiers in

Han technology in

Huangcaoba garrison during

Mabie River engagement in

masterminds behind

as peasant rebellion

in popular imagination

in PRC ethno-history

provincial officials on

Qing field commanders in

Qing landlords in

Qing-rebel engagements in

Qing response to

Qing sources for

raids on Han during

rejection of Confucianism

religious networks in

role of livelihood choices in

role of magic in

slaughter of Zhongjia in

spiritual leadership of

towns besieged during

use of indigenous tradition

Wangchengpo in

Weiyuan in

Yongfeng during

Zhongjia livelihoods following

Zhongjia loyalists in

Zhongjia spies in. See also Zhongjia rebels

Nanzhao (kingdom)

Nasu Yi people

independence from imperial state

Miao under

Mu’ege kingdom of

political autonomy of

written records of. See also Lolo people; Yi people

Nationalities Identification Project

native officials, Guizhou

capitulation to Qing

collusion with Han

Confucian education for

corruption among

crimes of

of Dingfan-Guangshun region

genealogical requirements for

military

Qing-era. See also tusi system

Nong people: distribution of

socioeconomic priorities of

ties with Zhongjia

Nong Zhigao

Nung people (Vietnam)

Oakes, Timothy

Official History of the Ming Dynasty (Ming shi)

opium, Zhongjia cultivation of

Ortai (governor-general of Yunnan-Guizhou): in Changzhai standoff

consolidation under

establishment of Nanlong prefecture

in Guizhou-Guangxi territorial dispute

as new man

reforms under

relationship with Yongzheng

on settlement of Han

spelling of name

Ortner, Sherry

Paishakou, Zhongjia capture of

palace memorials (zhupi zouzhe): on crime

minzu shiwu lei category of

of Yongzheng

on Zhongjia livelihoods

Panhu, myth of

Pan Rivers: North (Beipan)

South (Nanpan)

Xu Xiake’s exploration of

Pan Youlin

penal code, Qing

People’s Republic of China (PRC): ending of feudalism

ethnic classifications of

ethnic minorities of

ethnic unity narratives of

ethnohistory of Nanlong Uprising

livelihoods of

market economy of

Perdue, Peter

Perkins, Dwight

Perry, Elizabeth

poverty: abject (chipin wulai)

in Guizhou province

of indigenes

in Xingyi region

of Zhongjia people

Pu’an, district magistrate of

Pumi ethnic group

Puping, Wei Qiluoxu’s attack on

Qianlong emperor: administrative tools of

census of Guizhou

charitable schools of

edict on crime

“Great Unity” under

pluralism of

Tibetan Buddhism of

use of strategic marriages

Qianxinan prefecture (Guizhou), Buyi of

Qi Ge (Weining regional military commander)

Qing dynasty: administrative units of

Anshun prefecture during

attacks on authority of

Changzhai resistance to

civilizing projects of

coins of

conception of barbarianism

conquest of Kangxi

consolidation of Guizhou rule

control of Guizhou-Guangxi borderlands

creation of legible people

cultural hierarchy of

culture of

ethnic reforms of

Han cultural bloc of

imperial ambitions of

land surveys by

linguistic practices of

Manchu cultural bloc of

Mongolian cultural bloc of

multiculturalism of

multilingual inscriptions of

Muslim cultural bloc of

native rulers’ capitulation to

neo-Confucianism of

penal code of

rebellions against

resistance in Dingfan-Guangshun region

response to Zhongjia livelihoods

sale of positions in

scholarly imperialism of

Sinocentric ideals of

southwest China policy of

statecraft of

Tibetan Buddhism of

Tibetan cultural bloc of

universal Heaven of

Xi’ou people during

Qing Imperial Illustration of Tributaries (1751)

Quoc-ngu script (Vietnam)

Ran Hua (swindler)

death of

punishment of Ran Jing (swindler)

apprehension of

benefits for followers of

capitalization on fear

co-conspirators of

impersonation of Nacha

interrogation of

practice of magic

punishment of

Ran Lang (swindler)

interrogation of

Rawski, Evelyn S.

rebellion, penalty for

Research in Buyi Studies (journal)

rice, “spirit”

rice cultivation: traditional versus modern

Zhongjia

rituals: Mo

negation of state authority

Zhongjia. See also bumo; mogong

Rowe, William T.

salesmen, itinerant

Sang Hongsheng

in “Immortal Maiden Wang”

Saya San Rebellion (1930–32), magic in

scholarship, Buyi: co-optation of

on Nanlong Uprising

schools, charitable (shexue)

Scott, James

on Chinese statecraft

on civilizing projects

on hidden transcripts

on non-state spaces

on risk-taking

on Zomia

Shang Kexi (hereditary governor)

Shi Liha (governor of Guizhou)

Shuixi clan

Shuixi region, Wu Sangui’s pacification of

Shunzhi emperor: Guizhou policy of

policy in southwest China

Sicheng prefecture: annexation into Guizhou

Cen control of

chieftains of

creation of

crime in

gaitu guiliu in

jurisdiction of

during Ming dynasty

Native Prefect of

taxation of

silver, spirit (gui yin)

Siniang (spirit), criminals’ invocation of

Smith, Kent

on Changzhai

on Han colonization

on new men

on Ortai

Snyder, Wil C.

Song dynasty, Nasu Yi and

“Song of the Nanlong Resistance” (folk narrative)

format of

Jiaqing emperor in

Le Bao in

Mabie River episode in

PRC editing of

scholarship on

Wang Niangxian in

Wei Qiluoxu in

Zhongjia agency in

sorcery, punishment for

Southeast Asian Massif

eighteenth-century inhabitants of

livelihoods of

spaces, non-state

spaces, state

governable

of Guizhou province

in Nanlong

Sutton, Donald

Tai Lue people (Yunnan)

Tai people: antiphonal singing of

language of

leaders

relationship with Qing

Theravada Buddhism of

of Vietnam

written records of

Yunnan polities of

Taiwan: under Qing

status of indigenes

talismans. See good-luck charms

Tang dynasty, Nasu Yi and

Tay people (Vietnam)

language of

Ten Abominations (criminal offenses)

Teng, Emma

Thomas, Nicholas

Tian Wen, A Book of Guizhou

Tian Yuan

Tibet: influence on Qing culture

Qing rule over

resistance to China in

tingmu system. See also chieftains

treason, Qing punishment for

Tunpu people, tourist visits to

Turner, Sarah

tusi system, in Guangxi. See also native officials

tusi system (Guizhou province)

in Dingfan-Guangshun

under Qing

Yongzheng emperor and

Wang Acong. See Wang Niangxian

Wang A’er

Wang A Jiang (Huang San case)

Wang Ali (swindler)

Wang Azhan (Zhongjia commander)

Wang Bujiang (Huang San case)

testimony of

Wangchengpo, in Nanlong Uprising

Wang Dengrong

Wang Huaming

Wang Li: liaison with imperial state

role in Huang San case

Wang Ling (tingmu), investigation of Huang San

Wang Niangxian (“Immortal Lady Wang”): Buyi narratives of

capture of

complaints against

“crossing the darkness” ritual of

cult surrounding

execution of

followers of

as guardian spirit

in “Immortal Maiden Wang”

leadership of

marriage of

on Qing injustice

Qing intelligence concerning

as Realized Immortal

real name of

in “Song of the Nanlong Resistance”

spiritual leadership of

temple of

use of magic

Wei’s exploitation of. See also “Immortal Maiden Wang” (folk narrative)

Wang Shangyi (Guangxi chieftan)

Wang Tianlan

Wang Wenjia

“Wang Xiangu” (indigenous narrative)

Wang Yunhao (magistrate)

Wang Zuxian (criminal)

anti-Qing activities

capture of

literacy of

War of the Three Feudatories

Wei Qiluoxu (Wei Chaoyuan): attack on Puping

battle strategy of

capture of

coalitions of

coercive measures of

concerns for public welfare

confession of

consolidation of authority

execution of

exploitation of superstition

followers of

in “Immortal Maiden Wang”

leadership qualities of

Mo practices of

nickname of

practice of magic

Qing intelligence concerning

real name of

recruits of

self-proclamation as emperor

social banditry of

in “Song of the Nanlong Resistance”

towns attacked by

troop strength of

Wei Xuewen (swindler): apprehension of

co-conspirators of

education of

execution of

sedition by

Weiyuan, in Nanlong Uprising

White Lotus uprisings

Whittaker, Jacob

Wu Sangui (Qing general)

death of

execution of Prince of Gui

Kangxi emperor and

pacification of Shuixi

rebellion of (War of the Three Feudatories)

territories controlled by

troop strength of

Xincheng, Le Bao’s capture of

Xingyi (Nanlong)

in twenty-first century

Xingyi region: commercial potential of

poverty in

Xinjiang: Qing rule over

resistance in

Xi’ou people, contact with Han

Xue Shiqian (Kangzuo chieftain)

Xu Xiake

exploration of Guizhou

exploration of Pan Rivers

interaction with Miao

peoples encountered by

theft from

travel diaries of

Yangchang, Le Bao’s assault on

Yang Guochen (swindler)

Yang Hui (magistrate)

Yao people: ethnonyms of

Meishan Daoism of

Yi Bao (Huang San case)

Yi Gen (Huang San case)

Yi people

in Nanlong uprising. See also Lolo people; Nasu Yi people

Yongfeng: annexation to Guizhou

in Nanlong Uprising

Qing recapture of

tingmu of

Yongguan (Guangxi), Zhuang people of

Yongli (reign title of Southern Ming leader, a.k.a. the prince of Gui or Zhu Youlang)

execution of

leadership of Southern Ming resistance

Yongning (Anshun prefecture): Le Bao’s capture of

Zhongjia rebels in

Yongzheng emperor: accusation of native officials

An clan under

appointment of Ortai

chieftans’ resistance to

control of frontier communities

gaitu guiliu reforms of

Guizhou indigenes under

new men of

palace memorials of

redrawing of Guizhou-Guangxi border

reforms in Dingfan-Guangshun

reforms of

relationship with Ortai

restructuring of state institutions

southwest China under

taxation policies of

and tusi system

You River (Northern-Southern Zhuang border)

Yuan dynasty, Guizhou under

Yu Luo

Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, terrain of

Yunnan province: copper of

cultural solidarity in

Qing-era violence in

Qingindigene accommodations in

resistance to Han in

strategic importance of

Tai polities of

Yongzheng’s officials in

Zang ethnic group

Zeng Tingkui (prefect of Nanlong)

death of

Zhang Yulong (Nanlong regional military commander)

engagement with rebels

Zhang Yunsui (governor of Yunnan), in Huang San case

Zhao Kun (Guizhou commander-in-chief)

Zhao Tingchen (governor of Guizhou)

Zhaotong (Yunnan province), crime in

Zhejiang, Cen clan’s home in

Zhenfeng. See Yongfeng

Zhenning (Anshun prefecture), Zhongjia rebels in

Zhe Ruo

Zhong, character for

Zhongjia people

adaptation to Qing

adoption of Confucian culture

agriculture of

ancestry of

autonomy of

autonyms of

bilingualism of

Bulong

Chen Yuanxun’s attacks on

clothing of

compliance with Qing legal norms

conflict with Qing

cultivation of opium

culture of

culture of resistance

Daoist influences on

demographic data concerning

of Dingfan-Guangshun

distribution of

education of

encampments (ting) of

ethnographic data concerning

ethnonyms of

etymology of

exonyms of

extortion from

during Five Dynasties

funerals of

of Guiyang

of Guizhou

headmen (tumu) of

history of

horse platoons (mapai) of

illicit activities of

immigrants

institutions of

interactions with Han

interactions with Qing state

itinerant salesmen

jia (domains) of

land ownership among

lifestyle of

literacy among

magical beliefs of

maidservants (nüpai)

maintenance of identity

manipulation of Chinese culture

marginalized status of

military ancestry of

money-making schemes of

names for Han

of Nanlong

oral traditions of

in People’s Republic of China

political structure of

poverty of

PRC accounts of

Qing appropriations from

in Qing cultural hierarchy

Qing defeat of

Qing descriptions of

Qing documents on

Qing ethnography of

Qing military presence among

Qing oppression of

Qing reforms for

relationship with imperial China

religion of

religious practitioners

reputation for thievery

reputation for violence

resilience of

resistance at Changzhai

response to environment

rice farmers (liangzhuang baixing)

ritual specialists

role in Guizhou history

role in late imperial China

Sinicization of

social unrest of, among; socioeconomic organization of

socioeconomic priorities of

sources for

tax amnesties of

taxation of

tenant farmers

terminology for

ties with Nong

tingmu system of

tusi of

use of dog character for

village heads (bashi)

Western descriptions of

women

written language of. See also Buyi people; livelihoods, Zhongjia

Zhongjia poetry, Chinese translations of

Zhongjia rebels (Nanlong Uprising)

agency of

attack on Han

attack on Nanlong

charismatic leaders of

costumes of

firearms of

guerilla tactics of

“immortal maidens”

mountain strongholds of

organizational capabilities of

Qing defeat of

“realized immortals”

reasons for defeat

in “Song of the Nanlong Resistance”

troop strength of

women. See also Nanlong Uprising

Zhou Guoyan

“Zhuang,” characters used for

Zhuang people: ancestors of

bumo of

Chinese genealogies of

dialect of

ethnonyms of

of Guangxi

language of

Meishan Daoism of

Northern

relationships with Buyi

religious texts of

rituals of

Southern

written language of

of Yongguan

Zhu Bao

Zhulonga (Guizhou provincial military commander)

engagement with Zhongjia rebels

Zhu Youlang. See Yongli

Zongjiao, Qing military presence in

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