This publication was supported in part by the
Donald R. Ellegood International Publication Endowment.

Copyright © 2000 by the University of Washington Press

Printed in the United States of America

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Manchus and Han : ethnic relations and political power in late Qing and early republican China, 1861–1928 / Edward J. M. Rhoads.

p.cm. — (Studies on ethnic groups in China)

Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index.

ISBN 0-295-97938-0

1. Manchus.2. China—Ethnic relations.

3. China—History—1861–1912.4. China—History—1912–1928.

I. Rhoads, Edward J. M.II. Title.III. Series.

DS761.2.M362000

951'.035—DC2100-008470

The paper used in this publication is acid free and recycled from 10 percent post-consumer and at least 50 percent pre-consumer waste. It meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.