Skip to main content
table of contents
Bibliography
- Abbott, Jeff. “Guatemalan Communities Reject Neoliberal Development Plan.” Upside Down World, October 10, 2014. http://
upsidedownworld .org /main /guatemala -archives -33 /5084 -guatemalan -communities -reject -neoliberal -development -plan. - ———. “In Guatemala, Indigenous Communities Prevail Against Monsanto.” TruthOut, accessed November 12, 2014. http://
www .truth -out .org /news /item /27395 -in -guatemala -indigenous -communities -prevail -against -monsanto. - Acedo, Alfredo. “Mexico Celebrates ‘Carnival of Corn’ and Rejects Monsanto.” America’s Program, April 6, 2013. http://
www .cipamericas .org /archives /9636. - ———. “Mexico’s GMO Corn Ban and Glyphosate Cancer Findings.” America’s Program, July 20, 2015. http://
www .cipamericas .org /archives /15558. - Achbar, Mark, and Jennifer Abbott, dirs. The Corporation. Zeitgeist Films, Big Picture Media, 2004. 145 minutes.
- Adamson, Joni. “Seeking the Corn Mother: Transnational Indigenous Organizing and Food Sovereignty in Native North American Literature.” In Indigenous Rights in the Age of the UN Declaration, edited by Elvira Pulitano, 228–49. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.
- Admin, “Monsanto Company Announces Agreement to Acquire Semillas Cristiani Burkard, the Leading Central American Corn Seed Company.” AgWeb, news release, June 19, 2008. https://
www .agweb .com /opinion /monsanto -company -announces -agreement -acquire -semillas -cristiani -burkard -leading -central. - Aguilar R., Enio L. Tercer Informe Nacional de Cumplimiento al Protocolo de Cartagena sobre Seguridad de la Biotecnología, Período 2012–2015. Guatemala City: Consejo Nacional de Areas Protegidas (Serviprensa), 2016.
- Aistara, Guntra A. “Privately Public Seeds: Competing Visions of Property, Personhood, and Democracy in Costa Rica’s Entry into CAFTA and the Union for Plant Variety Protection (UPOV).” Journal of Political Ecology 19, no. 1 (2012): 127–44.
- Ajates, Raquel. “From Land Enclosures to Lab Enclosures: Digital Sequence Information, Cultivated Biodiversity and the Movement for Open Source Seed Systems.” Journal of Peasant Studies 50, no. 3 (2022): 1056–84. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /03066150 .2022 .2121648. - Alexander, Renée, and Simran Sethi. “Mexico Is Phasing Out Imports of Glyphosate and GMO Corn.” The Counter, July 19, 2021. https://
thecounter .org /mexico -phaseout -glyphosate -genetically -engineered -corn -united -states /. - Alfred, Taiaiake. “Sovereignty.” In Sovereignty Matters: Locations of Contestation and Possibility in Indigenous Struggles for Self Determination, edited by Joanne Barker, 33–51. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2006.
- Alinsky, Saul. Rules for Radicals: A Pragmatic Primer for Realistic Radicals. New York: Random House, 1971.
- Alkon, Alison. “Food Justice and the Challenge to Neoliberalism.” Gastronomica 14, no. 2 (2014): 27–40. https://
doi .org /10 .1525 /gfc .2014 .14 .2 .27. - ———. “Food Justice, Food Sovereignty and the Challenge of Neoliberalism.” Paper presented at Food Sovereignty: A Critical Dialogue, Yale University Program in Agrarian Studies, September 14–15, 2013. https://
www .tni .org /en /publication /food -justice -food -sovereignty -and -the -challenge -of -neoliberalism. - Alkon, Alison Hope, and Julian Agyeman. “Introduction: The Food Movement as Polyculture.” In Cultivating Food Justice: Race, Class, and Sustainability, edited by Alison Hope Alkon and Julian Agyeman, 1–20. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2011.
- Alkon, Alison Hope, and Christie Grace McCullen. “Whiteness and Farmers Markets: Performance, Perpetuations … Contestations?” Antipode 43, no. 4 (2010): 937–59.
- Alonso-Frajedas, Alberto. “Anything But a Story Foretold: Multiple Politics of Resistance to the Agrarian Extractivist Project in Guatemala.” Journal of Peasant Studies 42, no. 3–4 (2015): 489–515.
- ———. “The Discursive Flexibility of ‘Flex Crops.’” Journal of Peasant Studies 43, no. 1 (2016): 225–50.
- Alonso-Fradejas, Alberto, and Susana Gauster. Perspectivas Para la Agricultura Familiar Campesina de Guatemala en un Contexto DR-CAFTA. Guatemala City: CONGCOOP, Mesa Global, Alianza Social Continental Action Aid, and IDRC, 2006.
- Altieri, Miguel. Agroecology: The Scientific Basis of Alternative Agriculture. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1987.
- ———. Genetic Engineering in Agriculture: The Myths, Environmental Risks, and Alternatives. 2nd ed. Oakland, CA: Food First, 2004.
- Altieri, Miguel, and Victor Manuel Toledo. “The Agroecological Revolution in Latin America: Rescuing Nature, Ensuring Food Sovereignty and Empowering Peasants.” Journal of Peasant Studies 38, no. 2 (2011): 587–612.
- Alvarez-Buylla, Elena R., and Alma Piñeyro-Nelson, eds. El Maíz en Peligro Ante Los Transgénicos. Mexico: UNAM Centro de Investigaciones Interdisciplinarias en Ciencias y Humanidades, 2013.
- Anaya, Rudolfo. The First Tortilla. Translated by Enrique R. Lamadrid. Edited by Amy Córdova. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2007.
- Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. New York: Verso, 1983.
- Anderson, Edgar. “Field Studies of Guatemalan Maize.” Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 34 (1947): 433–51.
- Anderson, Luke, and Christina Cobb. “From the Green Revolution to the Gene Revolution.” Global Pesticide Campaigner 11, no. 1 (2001): 18–19.
- Anderson, Teresa. “Clever Name, Losing Game?” Action Aid International, accessed September 22, 2014. https://
actionaid .org /publications /2014 /clever -name -losing -game -how -climate -smart -agriculture -sowing -confusion -food. - Anon MIU. “Mensaje de Anonymous al Pueblo de Guatemala Agosto 2014.” August 25, 2014. https://
www .youtube .com /watch ?v =Q0716HES648. - Antal, Edit, Lauren E. Baker, and Gerard Verschoor, eds. Maize and Biosecurity in Mexico: Debate and Practice. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Center for Latin American Studies and Documentation, 2007.
- Antoniou, Michael, Mohamed Ezz El-Din Mostafa Habib, C. Vyvyan Howard, Richard C. Jennings, Carlo Leifert, Rubens Onofre Nodari, Claire Robinson, and John Fagan. Roundup and Birth Defects: Is the Public Being Kept in the Dark? Earth Open Source, 2011. http://
earthopensource .org /earth -open -source -reports /roundup -and -birth -defects -is -the -public -being -kept -in -the -dark /. - Appendini, Kirsten. “Reconstructing the Maize Market in Rural Mexico.” Journal of Agrarian Change 14, no. 1 (2014): 1–25. https://
doi .org /10 .1111 /joac .12013. - ———. “Tracing the Maize-Tortilla Chain.” UN Chronicle 45, no. 3 (2009): 66–72.
- Appendini, Kirsten, and Guadalupe Quijada. “Consumption Strategies in Mexican Rural Households: Pursuing Food Security with Quality.” Agriculture and Human Values 33, no. 2 (2015): 439–54. https://
doi .org /10 .1007 /s10460 -015 -9614 -y. - Aristegui Noticias. “Alfonso Romo: Un Cacique del Agua en el Paraíso Maya.” Accessed March 20, 2020. https://
aristeguinoticias .com /0203 /mexico /un -cacique -del -agua -en -el -paraiso -maya /. - Arnold, Carrie. “Consequences of DDT Exposure Could Last Generations.” Scientific American, July 1, 2021. https://
www .scientificamerican .com /article /consequences -of -ddt -exposure -could -last -generations. - Arumugam, Nadia. “Illegal Genetically Modified Wheat Found in Oregon Farm: Should We Be Worried?” Forbes, May 31, 2013. https://
www .forbes .com /sites /nadiaarumugam /2013 /05 /31 /illegal -genetically -modified -wheat -found -in -oregon -farm -should -we -be -worried. - Arvigo, Rosita, Nadine Epstein, and Marilyn Yaquinto. Sastun: My Apprenticeship with a Maya Healer. San Francisco: Harper, 1994.
- ASTA (American Seed Trade Association). Strategic Plan 2021, Better Seed, Better Life. Alexandria, VA: American Seed Trade Association, 2021.
- Asturias, Miguel Angel. Men of Maize. Translated by Gerald Martin. New York: Delacorte/Seymour Lawrence, 1975. Unless otherwise noted, page references are to the 1975 edition. Epilogue from the 1993 reprint by the University of Pittsburgh Press.
- Athanasiou, Tom. “The Age of Greenwashing.” Capitalism Nature Socialism 7, no. 1 (1996): 1–36.
- Aviv, Rachel. “A Valuable Reputation: After Tyrone Hayes Said That a Chemical Was Harmful, Its Maker Pursued Him.” New Yorker, February 10, 2014. https://
www .newyorker .com /magazine /2014 /02 /10 /a -valuable -reputation. - Azurdia, César. “Agrobiodiversidad de Guatemala.” In Guatemala y su Biodiversidad: Un Enfoque Histórico, Cultural, Biológic y Económico, edited by César Azurdia Pérez, Fernando García Barrios, and Martha María Ríos Palencia, 399–463. Guatemala City: Consejo Nacional de Áreas Protegidas, Oficina Técnica de Biodiversidad, 2008.
- ———. Priorización de la Diversidad Biológico de Guatemala en Riesgo Potencial por la Introducción y Manipulación de Organismos Vivos Modificados. Guatemala City: Consejo Nacional de Áreas Protegidas, 2004.
- Azurdia, Cesar, Melisa Ojeda, and Francisco García. “Seguridad de la Biotecnología, Legislación, Políticas y Marcos Institucionales.” Powerpoint presentation to the Global Environmental Facility (GEF), April 4, 2018.
- Azurdia, C., K. A. Williams, D. E. Williams, V. Van Damme, A. Jarvis, and S. E. Castaño. Atlas of Guatemalan Crop Wild Relatives. Washington, DC: USDA/ARS, Bioversity International, CIAT, and the University of San Carlos in Guatemala (FAUSAC), 2011. https://
www .ars .usda .gov /northeast -area /beltsville -md -barc /beltsville -agricultural -research -center /national -germplasm -resources -laboratory /docs /atlas -of -guatemalan -crop -wild -relatives /. - Baden-Mayer, Alexis. “Back to the Future with Tom ‘Mr. Monsanto’ Vilsack.” Organic Consumers Association, December 22, 2020. https://
www .organicconsumers .org /blog /back -future -tom -mr -monsanto -vilsack -part -i. - Baek, Yousoon, Lucas K. Bobadilla, Darci A. Giacomini, Jacob S. Montgomery, Brent P. Murphy, and Patrick J. Tranel. “Evolution of Glyphosate-Resistant Weeds.” Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 255 (2021): 93–128. https://
doi .org /10 .1007 /398 _2020 _55. - Bain, Carmen, and Tamera Dandachi. “Governing GMOs: The (Counter) Movement for Mandatory and Voluntary Non-GMO Labels.” Sustainability 6, no. 12 (2014): 9456–76. https://
doi .org /10 .3390 /su6129456. - Baker, Lauren E. Corn Meets Maize: Food Movements and Markets in Mexico. New York: Rowman and Littlefield, 2013.
- Balick, Michael J. People, Plants, and Culture. New York: Scientific American Library, 1996.
- Barkin, David. “The Reconstruction of a Modern Mexican Peasantry.” Journal of Peasant Studies 30, no. 1 (2002): 73–90.
- Barlett, Donald L., and James B. Steele. “Monsanto’s Harvest of Fear.” Vanity Fair, May 2008. https://
www .vanityfair .com /news /2008 /05 /monsanto200805. - Barlow, Maude. “Seeds of Change: Dakota Farmers Give Monsanto the Boot.” In Building the Green Economy: Success Stories from the Grassroots, edited by Kevin Danaher, 70–83. Sausalito, CA: Polipoint, 2007.
- Barnhill, Anne. “Does Locavorism Keep It Too Simple?” In Philosophy Comes to Dinner: Arguments on the Ethics of Eating, edited by Andrew Chignell, Terence Cuneo, and Matthew C. Halteman, 232–53. New York: Routledge–Taylor & Francis, 2016.
- Bartolovich, Crystal. “A Natural History of ‘Food Riots.’” New Formations 69, no. 69 (2010): 42–61. https://
doi .org /10 .3898 /newf .69 .02 .2010. - Bartra, Armando, ed. Profound Rivers of Mesoamerica: Alternatives to Plan Puebla Panama. 3rd ed. Mexico City: Instituto Maya, El Atajo, and Mexico Solidarity Network, 2004.
- Baumann, Megan D., Karl S. Zimmerer, and Jacob van Etten. “Participatory Seed Projects and Agroecological Landscape Knowledge in Central America.” International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 18, no. 4 (2020): 300–318. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /14735903 .2020 .1775930. - Bayer. “Traits to Strengthen Farmer Productivity & Quality.” Accessed May 9, 2024. https://
www .bayer .com /en /agriculture /gmo -biotechnology. - Bayer-Monsanto. “Crop Science: Shaping the Future of Agriculture.” Accessed December 7, 2022. https://
www .bayer .com /en /agriculture. - Bazán Landeros, Wendy Jocelyn. “Entre la Construcción Discursiva y las Prácticas Productivas: Las Disputas en Torno a los Cultivos Transgénicos, el Glifosato y la Política de Desarrollo Rural en el Gobierno de la 4T.” Master’s thesis, Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, 2021.
- Begeman, Sonja. “Syngenta Releases Acuron Corn Herbicide.” AgWeb Farm Journal, May 11, 2015. https://
www .agweb .com /news /crops /crop -production /syngenta -releases -acuron -corn -herbicide. - Beilin, Katarzyna. “The World According to Amaranth: Interspecies Memory in Tehuacán Valley.” Hispanic Issues 24 (2019): 144–67.
- Beilin, Katarzyna Olga, and Sainath Suryanarayanan. “The War between Amaranth and Soy.” Environmental Humanities 9, no. 2 (2017): 204–29. https://
doi .org /10 .1215 /22011919 -4215211. - Bellon, Mauricio R., Alicia Mastretta-Yanes, Alejandro Ponce-Mendoza, Daniel Ortiz-Santa María, Oswaldo Oliveros-Galindo, Hugo Perales, Francisca Acevedo, and José Sarukhán. “Beyond Subsistence: The Aggregate Contribution of Campesinos to the Supply and Conservation of Native Maize across Mexico.” Food Security 13, no. 1 (2021): 39–53. https://
doi .org /10 .1007 /s12571 -020 -01134 -8. - ———. “Evolutionary and Food Supply Implications of Ongoing Maize Domestication by Mexican Campesinos.” Proceedings of the Royal Society B 285, no. 1885 (2018). https://
doi .org /10 .1098 /rspb .2018 .1049. - Benbrook, Charles. “How Did the US EPA and IARC Reach Diametrically Opposed Conclusions on the Genotoxicity of Glyphosate-Based Herbicides?” Environmental Sciences Europe 31, no. 2 (2019): 1–16. https://
doi .org /https: / /doi .org /10 .1186 /s12302 -018 -0184 -7. - ———. “Impacts of Genetically Engineered Crops on Pesticide Use in the US: The First Sixteen Years.” Environmental Sciences Europe 24 (2012). https://
enveurope .springeropen .com /articles /10 .1186 /2190 -4715 -24 -24. - ———. “Trends in Glyphosate Herbicide Use in the United States and Globally.” Environmental Sciences Europe 28, no. 1 (2016): art. 3. https://
doi .org /10 .1186 /s12302 -016 -0070 -0. - Benfer, Adam. “Foods Indigenous to the Western Hemisphere.” American Indian Health and Diet Project, accessed February 5, 2022. https://
aihd .ku .edu /foods /Pigweed .html. - Berlow, Ali. The Food Activist Handbook: Big & Small Things You Can Do to Help Provide Fresh, Healthy Food for Your Community. North Adams, MA: Storey, 2015.
- Bernasconi-Osterwalder, Nathalie. “USMCA Curbs How Much Investors Can Sue Countries—Sort Of.” International Institute for Sustainable Development, accessed October 2, 2018. https://
www .iisd .org /articles /usmca -investors. - Berne Declaration. “Agropoly: A Handful of Corporations Control World Food Production.” EcoNexus, 2013, accessed October 24, 2023. https://
www .econexus .info /files /Agropoly _Econexus _BerneDeclaration _wide -format .pdf. - Bétrisey, Florence, Valérie Boisvert, and James Sumberg. “Superweed Amaranth: Metaphor and the Power of a Threatening Discourse.” Agriculture and Human Values 39, no. 2 (2021): 505–20. https://
doi .org /10 .1007 /s10460 -021 -10259 -1. - Bigelow, Daniel, Allison Borchers, and Todd Hubbs. “US Farmland Ownership, Tenure, and Transfer.” Washington, DC: USDA, 2016. https://
www .ers .usda .gov /webdocs /publications /74672 /eib -161 .pdf ?v =6385 .9. - Binimelis, Rosa, Walter Pengue, and Iliana Monterroso. “‘Transgenic Treadmill’: Responses to the Emergence and Spread of Glyphosate-Resistant Johnsongrass in Argentina.” Geoforum 40, no. 4 (2009): 623–33.
- Bjork-James, Carwil, Melissa Checker, and Marc Edelman. “Transnational Social Movements: Environmentalist, Indigenous, and Agrarian Visions for Planetary Futures.” Annual Review of Environment and Resources 47 (2022): 583–608.
- Blake, Michael. Maize for the Gods: Unearthing the 9,000-Year History of Corn. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2015.
- Block, Keith. Life Over Cancer: The Block Center Program for Integrative Cancer Treatment. New York: Bantam, 2009.
- Bodley, John H. Victims of Progress. 3rd ed. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield, 1990.
- Bonfil Batalla, Guillermo. México Profundo: Reclaiming a Civilization. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996.
- Bonneuil, Christophe, Jean Foyer, and Brian Wynne. “Genetic Fallout in Biocultural Landscapes: Molecular Imperialism and the Cultural Politics of (Not) Seeing Transgenes in Mexico.” Social Studies of Science 44, no. 6 (2014): 901–29.
- Borras, Saturnino M. “La Via Campesina—Transforming Agrarian and Knowledge Politics, and Co-Constructing a Field: A Laudatio.” Journal of Peasant Studies 50, no. 2 (2023): 691–724. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /03066150 .2023 .2176760. - ———. “Politically Engaged, Pluralist and Internationalist: Critical Agrarian Studies Today.” Journal of Peasant Studies 50 (2023): 449–89. https://
doi .org /https: / /www .tandfonline .com /doi /full /10 .1080 /03066150 .2022 .2163164. - Boutard, Anthony. Beautiful Corn: America’s Original Grain from Seed to Plate. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012.
- Brandt, Marisa. “Zapatista Corn: A Case Study in Biocultural Innovation.” Social Studies of Science 44, no. 6 (2014): 874–900.
- Bratspies, Rebecca M. “Myths of Voluntary Compliance: Lessons from the StarLink Corn Fiasco.” William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review 27 (2003): 593–649.
- Brechelt, Andrea, ed. Transgénicos en Santo Domingo. Memoria de la Primera Conferencia Internacional sobre Organismos Genéticamente Modificado, Santo Domingo, June 2–3, 2005.
- Bretting, P. K., M. M. Goodman, and C. W. Stuber. “Isozymatic Variation in Guatemalan Races of Maize.” American Journal of Botany 77, no. 2 (1990): 211–55.
- Broughton, Alan. “Behind a Corporate Monster: How Monsanto Pushes Agricultural Domination.” Nation of Change, March 20, 2017. https://
www .nationofchange .org /2017 /03 /20 /behind -corporate -monster -monsanto -pushes -agricultural -domination /. - Brown, Cecil H. “Glottochronology and the Chronology of Maize in the Americas.” In Histories of Maize: Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Prehistory, Linguistics, Biogeography, Domestication, and Evolution of Maize, edited by John E. Staller, Robert H. Tykot, and Bruce F. Benz, 648–64. New York: Elsevier, 2006.
- Bruce, Anna. “Amaranth Revival: Mexican Farmers Rediscover an Ancient Superfood.” Ecologist, October 25, 2014. https://
theecologist .org /2014 /oct /25 /amaranth -revival -mexican -farmers -rediscover -ancient -superfood. - Bruns, H. Arnold. “Southern Corn Leaf Blight: A Story Worth Retelling.” Agronomy Journal 109, no. 4 (2017): 1218–24. https://
doi .org /10 .2134 /agronj2017 .01 .0006. - Butler, Smedley. War Is a Racket. With an Introduction by Adam Parfrey. Minneapolis: Feral House and the Butler Family, 2003 [1935].
- Cáceres, Sifnoriano. “El CAFTA Será Como un Huracán Mitch, con Nombre Comercial.” Envio Digital 282 (2005). https://
envio .org .ni /articulo /3038. - Calabrese, Andrew. “Caveat Emptor! The Rhetoric of Choice in Food Politics.” Media: Culture: Policy 6, no. 1 (2017): art. 2.
- Callie. “Is Your Sweet Corn Nuked?” Garden Culture Magazine, January 27, 2017. https://
gardenculturemagazine .com /sweet -corn -nuked /. - Calvo, Luz, and Catrióna Rueda Esquibel. Decolonize Your Diet: Plant-Based Mexican-American Recipes for Health and Healing. Vancouver, BC: Arsenal, 2015.
- Cámara del Agro and Agrequima. El AGRO es Vital para la Economía del País: Elementos de Propuesta de Política Agrícola para Guatemala. Guatemala, September 2015. https://
www .camaradelagro .org /wp -content /uploads /sites /24 /2017 /07 /Propuesta -Política -Agrícola .pdf. - Campanella, Dave. “DR-CAFTA and the Future of Maize Farming in Central America: ‘Betting the Farm to Align with the United States.’” Undercurrent: Canadian Undergraduate Journal of Development Studies 4, no. 1 (2007): 48–56.
- Canada. “Third Party Written Submission.” MX-USA-2023-31-01, filed with MEX section USMCA Secretariat, March 14, 2024. https://
www .iatp .org /sites /default /files /2024 -04 /MEXUSA20233101ThirdPartyWritten%2520Submissioncorrected%2520version .pdf. - Canadian Biotechnology Action Network. “GM Wheat Rejected by 233 Consumer, Farmer Groups in 26 Countries.” Press release, February 9, 2010. https://
www .newswire .ca /news -releases /gm -wheat -rejected -by -233 -consumer -farmer -groups -in -26 -countries -539264681 .html. - Canby, Peter. “Retreat to Subsistence.” The Nation, June 16, 2010. http://
www .thenation .com /print /article /36330 /retreat -subsistence. - Carey, David, Jr. “Guatemala’s Green Revolution: Synthetic Fertilizer, Public Health, and Economic Autonomy in the Mayan Highland.” Agricultural History 83, no. 3 (2009): 283–322.
- ———. “‘The Heart of the Country’: The Primacy of Peasants and Maize in Modern Guatemala.” Journal of Latin American Studies 51, no. 2 (2018): 273–306.
- Cargill Corporation. “A History of Nourishing the World.” Accessed October 23, 2023. https://
www .cargill .com /doc /1432078093613 /pdf -cargill -timeline .pdf. - Carlisle, Liz, Maywa Montenegro de Wit, Marcia S. DeLonge, Adam Calo, Christy Getz, Joanna Ory, Katherine Munden-Dixon, et al. “Securing the Future of US Agriculture: The Case for Investing in New Entry Sustainable Farmers.” Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 7 (2019): 17. https://
doi .org /10 .1525 /elementa .356. - Carlsen, Laura. NAFTA Free Trade Myths Lead to Farm Failure in Mexico. Washington, DC: Center for International Policy, 2007.
- Carter, W. E. New Lands and Old Traditions: Kekchi Cultivators in the Guatemalan Lowlands. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1969.
- Casassus, Barbara. “EU Allows Use of Controversial Weedkiller Glyphosate for 10 More Years.” Nature, November 17, 2023. https://
doi .org /10 .1038 /d41586 -023 -03589 -z. - CEC (Commission for Environmental Cooperation). Maize and Biodiversity: The Effects of Transgenic Maize in Mexico, Key Findings and Recommendations. Mexico City: CEC, 2004.
- CEMDA (Centro Mexicano de Derecho Ambiental). Report on the Biocultural Relevance of Mexico’s Legislation and Public Policy on Agriculture. Mexico City: CEMDA, 2016. https://
www .cemda .org .mx /publicaciones -y -estudios -del -cemda /report -on -the -biocultural -relevance -of -mexicos -legislation -and -public -policy -on -agriculture /. - CFS (Center for Food Safety). “Court Rules ‘QR’ Codes Alone Unlawful for GMO Food Labeling.” Press release, September 14, 2022. https://
www .centerforfoodsafety .org /press -releases /6714 /court -rules -qr -codes -alone -unlawful -for -gmo -food -labeling. - ———. “EPA Failed to Protect Against Toxic Enlist Herbicides, Lawsuit Alleges.” Press release, June 7, 2023. https://
www .centerforfoodsafety .org /press -releases /6831 /epa -failed -to -protect -against -toxic -enlist -herbicides -lawsuit -alleges. - CGIAR Gender Research Team. Portraits of Women Working with Maize in Mexico. Mexico DF: CGIAR and CIMMYT, 2015. www
.maize .org. - Chambers, Madeline. “German Cabinet Approves Restricted Use of Herbicide Glyphosate.” Reuters, April 24, 2024. https://
www .reuters .com /world /europe /german -cabinet -approves -restricted -use -herbicide -glyphosate -2024 -04 -24. - Chassé, Patrick. “‘Produce More to Live Better’: Cotton, Corn, and Agrarian Modernization in Guatemala, 1944–1966.” PhD diss., University of Saskatchewan, 2017.
- Chayanov, A. V. The Theory of Peasant Economy. Edited by Daniel Thorner, Basile Kerblay, and R. E. F. Smith. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1986 [1925].
- “China to Approve First GMO Corn Traits Developed by Syngenta.” Reuters, April 29, 2022. https://
www .reuters .com /article /china -gmo -corn -int /china -to -approve -first -gmo -corn -traits -developed -by -syngenta -idUSKCN2ML0WG. - Christenson, Allen. Popol Vuh: Sacred Book for the Quiché Maya People. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2003.
- Chronister, Briana N. C., Kun Yang, Audrey R. Yang, Tuo Lin, Xin M. Tu, Dolores Lopez-Paredes, Harvey Checkoway, et al. “Urinary Glyphosate, 2,4-D and DEET Biomarkers in Relation to Neurobehavioral Performance in Ecuadorian Adolescents in the ESPINA Cohort.” Environmental Health Perspectives 131, no. 10 (2023): loc. 107007. https://
doi .org /10 .1289 /EHP11383. - CJA (Center for Justice and Accountability). “Guatemala.” Accessed November 18, 2023. https://
cja .org /where -we -work /guatemala /. - Clampitt, Cynthia. Maize: How Corn Shaped the U.S. Heartland. Urbana: University of Chicago Press, 2015.
- Clapp, Jennifer. Food. Malden, MA: Polity, 2012.
- ———. “Illegal GMO Releases and Corporate Responsibility: Questioning the Effectiveness of Voluntary Measures.” Ecological Economics 66, no. 2–3 (2008): 348–58.
- ———. “Unplanned Exposure to Genetically Modified Organisms: Divergent Responses in the Global South.” Journal of Environment & Development 15, no. 1 (2006): 3–21.
- Clapp, Jennifer, and S. Ryan Isakson. “Risky Returns: The Implications of Financialization in the Food System.” Development and Change 49, no. 2 (2018): 437–60.
- Clark-Riddle, Julia. “Winona LaDuke Walks the Walk.” HEMP Magazine, August 18, 2021. https://
thehempmag .com /2021 /08 /winona -laduke -walks -the -walk. - Cleveland, David A., and Daniela Soleri. “Rethinking the Risk Management Process for Genetically Engineered Crop Varieties in Small-Scale, Traditionally Based Agriculture.” Ecology and Society 10, no. 1 (2005): 9. http://
www .ecologyandsociety .org /v0110 /iss1 /art9. - Coatsworth, John H. “Anotaciones Sobre la Producción de Alimentos durante el Porfiriato.” Historia Mexicana 26, no. 2 (1976): 167–87.
- Coe, Sophie. America’s First Cuisines. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1994.
- Cohen, Benjamin R. “Decolonizing the GMO Debate.” The Counter, December 16, 2021. https://
thecounter .org /decolonizing -the -gmo -debate -food -system -reform /. - Cohen, Jon. “To Feed Its 1.4 Billion, China Bets Big on Genome Editing of Crops.” Science.org, July 29, 2019. https://
www .science .org /content /article /feed -its -14 -billion -china -bets -big -genome -editing -crops. - Colby, Gerard, and Charlotte Dennett. Thy Will Be Done: The Conquest of the Amazon: Nelson Rockefeller and Evangelism in the Age of Oil. New York: Harper Perennial, 1995.
- CONACYT (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología). “CONACYT Promueve Debate Internacional Sobre Daños y Riesgos a la Salud por Consumo de Maíz Transgénico.” Press release, May 2, 2023. https://
conahcyt .mx /wp -content /uploads /comunicados /Conacyt _379 .pdf. - CONAVIGUA (La Coordinadora Nacional de Viudas de Guatemala). Press release, August 22, 2014.
- Congreso de la República de Guatemala. Código Penal 1973. Accessed October 24, 2022. http://
leydeguatemala .com /codigo -penal /15 /. - Copeland, Nicholas. “Greening the Counterinsurgency: The Deceptive Effects of Guatemala’s Rural Development Plan of 1970.” Development and Change 43, no. 4 (2012): 975–98.
- ———. “Linking the Defence of Territory to Food Sovereignty: Peasant Environmentalisms and Extractive Neoliberalism in Guatemala.” Journal of Agrarian Change 19 (2017): 21–40.
- ———. “Mayan Imaginaries of Democracy: Interactive Sovereignties and Political Affect in Postrevolutionary Guatemala.” American Ethnologist 41, no. 2 (2014): 305–19.
- ———. “Meeting Peasants Where They Are: Cultivating Agroecological Alternatives in Neoliberal Guatemala.” Journal of Peasant Studies 46, no. 4 (2018): 831–52. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /03066150 .2017 .1410142. - ———. “Repudiating Corruption in Guatemala: Revolution or Neoliberal Outrage?” NACLA (North American Congress on Latin America), May 19, 2015. https://
nacla .org /news /2015 /05 /19 /repudiating -corruption -guatemala -revolution -or -neoliberal -outrage. - Corntassel, Jeff, and Cheryl Bryce. “Practicing Self-Determination: Indigenous Approaches to Cultural Restoration and Revitalization.” Brown Journal of World Affairs 18, no. 2 (2012): 151–62.
- Cosier, Susan. “For Thousands of Years, Indigenous Tribes Have Been Planting for the Future.” NRDC Dispatch, November 30, 2021. https://
www .nrdc .org /stories /thousands -years -indigenous -tribes -have -been -planting -future. - Cotter, Janet, Marco Contiero, Dirk Zimmerman, and Justine Maillot. “Twenty Years of Failure: Why GM Crops Have Failed to Deliver on Their Promises.” Greenpeace, November 2015. https://
www .greenpeace .org /static /planet4 -international -stateless /2015 /11 /7cc5259f -twenty -years -of -failure .pdf. - Counihan, Carole. “Cultural Heritage in Food Activism: Local and Global Tensions.” In Edible Identities: Food as Cultural Heritage, edited by Ronda L. Brulotte and Michael A. Di Giovine, 219–29. New York: Routledge, 2016.
- Cowan, Ruth Schwartz. More Work for Mother: The Ironies of Household Technology from the Open Hearth to the Microwave. New York: Basic, 1983.
- Cox, Kate. “New Dating App Claims to Be a Farmers’ Market of a Different Sort for Rural Singles.” The Counter, May 25, 2017. https://
thecounter .org /dating -another -kind -of -farmers -market -rural -singles /. - CropLife. “Honduras y Guatemala: A La Vanguardia en la Comercialización y Uso de la Biotecnología Agrícola y la Edición de Genomas.” Accessed December 5, 2019. http://
www .apia -bolivia .org /noticias .php ?op =1&tip0 =2&id =596. - Crosby, Alfred W. The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1972.
- CRS (Congressional Research Service). Agriculture in the US-Dominican Republic-Central American Free Trade Agreement (DR-CAFTA). July 21, 2006. https://
www .everycrsreport .com /reports /RL32110 .html#TOC3 _7. - Curry, Helen Anne. Endangered Maize: Industrial Agriculture and the Crisis of Extinction. Oakland: University of California Press, 2022.
- ———. “The History of Seed Banking and the Hazards of Backup.” Social Studies of Science 52, no. 5 (2022): 664–88.
- ———. “Taxonomy, Race Science, and Mexican Maize.” Isis 112, no. 1 (2021): 1–21.
- Daley, Jason. “The Corn of the Future Is Hundreds of Years Old and Makes Its Own Mucus.” Smithsonian Magazine, August 10, 2018.
- Danaher, Kevin. 50 Years Is Enough: The Case Against the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. Boston: South End, 1994.
- Davis, Frederick Rowe. “DDT and Pesticides.” In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History. Cambridge: Oxford University Press, 2018.
- de Campos, Marit, and A. E. Olszyna-Maryzs. “Contamination of Human Milk with Chlorinated Pesticides in Guatemala and in El Salvador.” Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 8 (1979): 43–58.
- DeLind, Laura B. “Are Local Food and the Local Food Movement Taking Us Where We Want to Go? Or Are We Hitching Our Wagons to the Wrong Stars?” Agriculture and Human Values 28 (2011): 273–83.
- Deloria, Vine, Jr. Red Earth, White Lies: Native Americans and the Myth of Scientific Fact. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995.
- Derkatch, Colleen, and Philippa Spoel. “Public Health Promotion of ‘Local Food’: Constituting the Self-Governing Citizen-Consumer.” Health 21, no. 2 (2017): 154–70.
- DeSantis, S’ra. “Control through Contamination: US Forcing GMO Corn and Free Trade on Mexico and Central America.” ISE Biotechnology Project and ACERCA (Action for the Community and the Ecology in the Regions of Central America), June 2003. https://
www .iatp .org /sites /default /files /Control _Through _Contamination .pdf. - Desmarais, Annette-Aurélie. “Peasants Speak—The Vía Campesina: Consolidating an International Peasant and Farm Movement.” Journal of Peasant Studies 29, no. 2 (2010): 91–124. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /714003943. - Dickson, David. “Commercialization of Research: Student Dilemma.” Nature 296, no. 4 (March 1982): 6.
- Doane, Molly. Stealing Shining Rivers: Agrarian Conflict, Market Logic, and Conservation in a Mexican Forest. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2012.
- Dobado, Rafael, and Gustavo Marrero. “Corn Market Integration in Porfirian Mexico.” Journal of Economic History 65, no. 1 (2005): 103–28.
- Doebley, John. “The Genetics of Maize Evolution.” Annual Review of Genetics 38 (2004): 37–59. https://
doi .org /10 .1146 /annurev .genet .38 .072902 .092425. - ———. “Mapping the Genes that Made Maize.” Trends in Genetics 8, no. 9 (1991): 302–7.
- Donley, Nathan. “National Institutes of Health Study Links Dicamba, Increased Cancer Risks.” Press release, May 4, 2020. https://
biologicaldiversity .org /w /news /press -releases /national -institutes -health -study -links -dicamba -increased -cancer -risks -2020 -05 -04 /. - Dorsey, E. Ray, and Amit Ray. “Paraquat, Parkinson’s Disease and Agnotology.” Movement Disorders 38, no. 6 (March 6, 2023): 949–52. https://
doi .org /10 .1002 /mds .29371. - Douglas, Mary. Purity and Danger: An Analysis of the Concepts of Pollution and Taboo. New York: Routledge, 1966.
- Doukas, Dimitra. Worked Over: The Corporate Sabotage of an American Community. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2003.
- Dowdall, Marie, and Ryan J. Klotz. Pesticides and Global Health: Understanding Agrochemical Dependence and Investing in Sustainable Solutions. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast, 2014.
- Dowd-Uribe, Brian. “GMOs and Poverty: Definitions, Methods and the Silver Bullet Paradox.” Canadian Journal of Development Studies 38, no. 1 (2016): 129–38. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /02255189 .2016 .1208608. - Dowie, Mark. American Foundations: An Investigative History. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001.
- Dowler, Crispin. “Thousands of Tonnes of Banned Pesticides Shipped to Poorer Countries from British and European Factories.” Unearthed, September 9, 2020. https://
unearthed .greenpeace .org /2020 /09 /10 /banned -pesticides -eu -export -poor -countries /. - Doyle, Jack. Trespass Against Us: Dow Chemical and the Toxic Century. Monroe, ME: Common Courage, 2004.
- Duffey, Kiyah J., and Barry M. Popkin. “High-Fructose Corn Syrup: Is This What’s for Dinner?” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 88, no. 6 (2008): 1722S-32S. https://
doi .org /https: / /doi .org /10 .3945 /ajcn .2008 .25825C. - Dyer, George A., J. Antonio Serratos-Hernández, Hugo R. Perales, Paul Gepts, Alma Piñeyro-Nelson, Angeles Chávez, Noé Salinas-Arreortua, Antonio Yúnez-Naude, J. Edward Taylor, and Elena R. Alvarez-Buylla. “Dispersal of Transgenes through Maize Seed Systems in Mexico.” PLoS ONE 4, no. 5 (2009): loc. e5734. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005734.
- Eakin, Hallie, Kirsten Appendini, Stuart Sweeney, and Hugo Perales. “Correlates of Maize Land and Livelihood Change among Maize Farming Households in Mexico.” World Development 70 (2015): 78–91. https://
doi .org /10 .1016 /j .worlddev .2014 .12 .012. - Eaton, Emily. “Contesting the Value(s) of GM Wheat on the Canadian Plains.” New Political Economy 16, no. 4 (2011): 501–21. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /13563467 .2011 .519021 ?needAccess =true. - ———. “Getting Behind the Grain: The Politics of Genetic Modification on the Canadian Prairies.” Antipode 41, no. 2 (2009): 256–81. https://
doi .org /10 .1111 /j .1467 -8330 .2009 .00672 .x. - ———. Growing Resistance: Canadian Farmers and the Politics of Genetically Modified Wheat. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press, 2013.
- ———. “Let the Market Decide? Canadian Farmers Fight the Logic of Market Choice in GM Wheat.” ACME: An International Journal for Critical Geographies 10, no. 1 (2011): 107–31.
- Ecowatch. “GMO-Ethanol Corn Contaminates Non-GMO White Corn Used in Tortillas.” March 23, 2017. https://
www .ecowatch .com /gmo -corn -syngenta -enogen -2324704813 .html. - Edelman, Marc. “Bringing the Moral Economy Back In.… To the Study of 21st-Century Transnational Peasant Movements.” American Anthropologist 107, no. 3 (2005): 331–45.
- ———. “Food Sovereignty: Forgotten Genealogies and Future Regulatory Challenges.” Journal of Peasant Studies 41, no. 6 (2014): 959–78.
- ———. “The Next Stage of the Food Sovereignty Debate.” Dialogues in Human Geography 4, no. 2 (2014): 182–84. https://
doi .org /10 .1177 /2043820614537153. - ———. Peasants Against Globalization: Rural Social Movements in Costa Rica. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1999.
- Edelman, Marc, and Saturnino M. Borras Jr. Political Dynamics of Transnational Agrarian Movements. 2nd ed. Edited by ICAS. Rugby, UK: Practical Action, 2021.
- Edelman, Marc, and Wendy Wolford. “Introduction: Critical Agrarian Studies in Theory and Practice.” Antipode 49, no. 4 (2017): 959–76.
- Elmore, Bartow. Seed Money: Monsanto’s Past and Our Food Future. New York: W. W. Norton, 2021.
- encyclopedia.com. “Henry Wallace.” Last modified May 17, 2018. https://
www .encyclopedia .com /people /history /us -history -biographies /henry -wallace. - Epstein, Samuel S. “The Politics of Cancer.” Multinational Monitor 9, no. 3 (1988). https://
www .multinationalmonitor .org /hyper /issues /1988 /03 /mm0388 _05 .html. - Espinosa, Alejandro. “Ponencia Magistral.” Paper presented at Conferencia Internacional de Agroecología, Mexico City, October 13, 2023.
- Espinosa A., Gisela. “La Guerra de la Tortilla.” Cuadernos Agrarios 11–12 (1995): 67–78.
- Esteva, Gustavo, and Catherine Marielle. Sin Maíz no Hay País: Páginas de una Exposición. Mexico D.F.: Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes, Dirección General de Culturas Populares e Indígenas, 2003.
- ETC (Erosion, Technology, and Concentration) Group. “Fear-Reviewed Science: Contaminated Corn and Tainted Tortillas—Genetic Pollution in Mexico’s Centre of Maize Diversity.” Communique 74 (January–February 2002). https://
www .etcgroup .org /content /fear -reviewed -science -contaminated -corn -tainted -tortillas. - ———. “Small Scale Farmers and Peasants Still Feed the World.” January 31, 2022. https://
etcgroup .org /content /backgrounder -small -scale -farmers -and -peasants -still -feed -world. - ETC Group, CECCAM (Center for Studies on Rural Change in Mexico), CENAMI (National Center to Support Indigenous Missions), and Communities in Oaxaca, Puebla, Chihuahua, Veracruz. “Contamination by Genetically Modified Maize in Mexico Much Worse than Feared.” Press release, October 9, 2003. https://
www .etcgroup .org /sites /www .etcgroup .org /files /publication /145 /01 /nr _maize _10 _03eng3 .pdf. - Evans, Jonathan, and J. W. Glass. “Why California Must End the Use of Herbicide Linked to Cancer, Parkinson’s.” Cal Matters, November 22, 2022. https://
calmatters .org /commentary /2022 /11 /california -herbicide -regulation -farm -health -paraquat -crop /. - Everts, Sarah. “The Nazi Origins of Deadly Nerve Gases.” Chemical and Engineering News 94, no. 41 (2016): 26–28.
- EWG (Environmental Working Group). “Elementary School Students at Increased Pesticide Risk.” Press release, August 14, 2014. https://
www .ewg .org /news -insights /news /elementary -school -students -increased -pesticide -risk. - EZLN (Zapatista Army of National Liberation). “Did You Hear It? It Is the Sound of Your World Collapsing.” desInformémonos, December 29, 2012. https://
desinformemonos .org /did -you -hear -it -it -is -the -sound -of -your -world -collapsing -ezln /. - Falkner, Robert. “The Troubled Birth of the ‘Biotech Century’: Global Corporate Power and Its Limits.” In Corporate Power in Global Agrifood Governance, edited by Jennifer Clapp and Doris Fuchs, 225–50. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2009.
- Falla, Ricardo. “Hacia la Revolución Verde.” Estudios Sociales (Universidad Rafael Landívar) 6 (1972): 16–51.
- FAO (Food and Agriculture of the United Nations), UNDP (United Nations Development Programme), and UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme). “A Multi-Billion-Dollar Opportunity: Repurposing Agricultural Support to Transform Food Systems.” Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization, September 14, 2021. https://
www .fao .org /3 /cb6562en /cb6562en .pdf. - Fell, Andy. “Northing Ventured, Nothing Gained.” UC Davis Magazine Online 21, no. 3 (2004). http://
magazinearchive .ucdavis .edu /issues /sp04 /feature _1 .html. - Fenzi, Marianna, and Nathalie Couix. “Growing Maize Landraces in Industrialized Countries: From the Search for Seeds to the Emergence of New Practices and Values.” International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 20, no. 3 (2021): 327–45. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /14735903 .2021 .1933360. - Fenzi, Marianna, Paul Rogé, Angel Cruz-Estrada, John Tuxill, and Devra Jarvis. “Community Seed Network in an Era of Climate Change: Dynamics of Maize Diversity in Yucatán, Mexico.” Agriculture and Human Values 39, no. 1 (2021): 339–56. https://
doi .org /10 .1007 /s10460 -021 -10249 -3. - Ferguson, James. The Anti-Politics Machine: Development, Depoliticization and Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994.
- ———. Global Shadows: Africa in the Neoliberal World Order. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2006.
- Figueroa-Helland, Leonardo, Cassidy Thomas, and Abigail Pérez Aguilera. “Decolonizing Food Systems: Food Sovereignty, Indigenous Revitalization, and Agroecology as Counter-Hegemonic Movements.” Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 17 (2018): 173–201.
- Finley-Brook, Mary, and Katherine Hoyt. “CAFTA Opposition: Divergent Networks, Uneasy Solidarities.” Latin American Perspectives 36, no. 6 (2009): 27–45. https://
doi .org /10 .1177 /0094582x09350762. - Fischer, Edward F., and Peter Benson. Broccoli and Desire: Global Connections and Maya Struggles in Postwar Guatemala. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2006.
- Fitting, Elizabeth. “Importing Corn, Exporting Labor: The Neoliberal Corn Regime, GMOs, and the Erosion of Mexican Biodiversity.” Agriculture and Human Values 23 (2006): 15–26.
- ———. “Risk, Regulation and Resistance: The Ongoing Debate over Genetically Modified Corn in Mexico.” Anthropology News 53, no. 1 (2012): 9, 12.
- ———. The Struggle for Maize: Campesinos, Workers, and Transgenic Corn in the Mexican Countryside. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011.
- Fitzgerald, Gerard J., and Gabriella M. Petrick. “In Good Taste: Rethinking American History with Our Palates.” Journal of American History 95, no. 2 (September 2008): 392–404.
- FOE (Friends of the Earth). Transgénicos Ilegales en Ayuda Alimentaria Enviada a Países en Vías de Desarrollo por el PMA y el USAID. Cumbre Mundial de la Alimentación (Rome). Press release, July 10, 2002.
- Foley, Jonathan. “GMOs, Silver Bullets and the Trap of Reductionist Thinking.” Ensia, February 25, 2014. https://
ensia .com /voices /gmos -silver -bullets -and -the -trap -of -reductionist -thinking /. - ———. “It’s Time to Rethink America’s Corn System.” Scientific American, July 1, 2013.
- Fonteyne, Simon, Abel Jaime Leal Gonzalez, Leodegario Osorio Alcalá, Jonatan Villa Alcántara, Clara Santos Rodriguez, Omar Núñez Peñaloza, Jose Rausel Ovando Galdámez, Ravi Gopal Singh, and Nele Verhulst. “Weed Management and Tillage Effect on Rainfed Maize Production in Three Agro-ecologies in Mexico.” Weed Research 62, no. 3 (2022): 224–39. https://
doi .org /10 .1111 /wre .12530. - Forbes, Jack. “The Urban Tradition among Native Americans.” In Native American Voices: A Reader, edited by Susan Lobo and Steve Talbot, 507–18. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2016.
- Ford, Anabel, and Ronald Nigh. The Maya Forest Garden: Eight Millennia of Sustainable Cultivation of the Tropical Woodlands. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast, 2015.
- Fort Detrick Alliance. “History of Fort Detrick.” Accessed January 9, 2019. https://
www .fortdetrickalliance .org /about -us /history -fort -detrick /. - Fox, Jonathan, and Libby Haight. Subsidizing Inequality: Mexican Corn Policy since NAFTA. Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, 2010.
- Friedlander, Blaine. “Toxic Pollen from Widely Planted, Genetically Modified Corn Can Kill Monarch Butterflies.” Cornell Chronicle, April 19, 1999. https://
news .cornell .edu /stories /1999 /04 /toxic -pollen -bt -corn -can -kill -monarch -butterflies. - Friedmann, Harriet. “The Political Economy of Food: A Global Crisis.” New Left Review 197 (1993): 29–57.
- Fuentes López, Mario Roberto, Jacob van Etten, José Luis Vivero Pol, and Álvaro Ortega Aparicio. Maiz para Guatemala: Propuesta para la Reactivación de la Cadena Agroalimentaria del Maíz Blanco y Amarillo. Guatemala City: FAO (Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación), 2005.
- Fussell, Betty. The Story of Corn. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2004.
- Galeano, Eduardo. Guatemala: País Ocupado. Guatemala City: Editorial Nuestro Tiempo, 1967.
- Galemba, Rebecca B. “Corn Is Food, Not Contraband: The Right to ‘Free Trade’ at the Mexico-Guatemala Border.” American Ethnologist 39, no. 4 (2012): 716–34. https://
doi .org /10 .1111 /j .1548 -1425 .2012 .01391 .x. - Galinat, Walton C. “Maize: Gift from America’s First Peoples.” In Chilies to Chocolate: Food the Americas Gave the World, edited by Nelson Foster and Linda S. Cordell, 47–60. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1992.
- Galt, Ryan. “Beyond the Circle of Poison: Significant Shifts in the Global Pesticide Complex, 1976–2008.” Global Environmental Change 18 (2008): 786–99.
- ———. Food Systems in an Unequal World: Pesticides, Vegetables, and Agrarian Capitalism in Costa Rica. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2014.
- Galvan-Miyoshi, Yankuic, Robert Walker, and Barney Warf. “Land Change Regimes and the Evolution of the Maize-Cattle Complex in Neoliberal Mexico.” Land Economics 4 (2015): 754–77. https://
doi .org /10 .3390 /land4030754. - Gálvez, Alyshia. Eating NAFTA: Trade Food Policies and the Destruction of Mexico. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2018.
- Gálvez Villatoro, Jaime Adolfo. “Deficiencia en Guatemala para Establecer Políticas Jurídicas de Protección Ante la Actividad Transnacional de Comercialización y Producción de Transgénicos.” Guatemala City: Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, 2008.
- García Caffaro, Isabella. “Technology Transfer Advisor and Research Fellow at Universidad del Valle de Guatemala.” LinkedIn, accessed October 20, 2022. https://
www .linkedin .com /in /isabella -garcia -caffaro /. - Garcia Ruiz, Mayra Teresa, Aaron N. Knapp, and Hernan Garcia-Ruiz. “Profile of Genetically Modified Plants Authorized in Mexico.” GM Crops & Food 9 (2018): 152–68. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /21645698 .2018 .1507601. - Garland, S., and H. A. Curry. “Turning Promise into Practice: Crop Biotechnology for Increasing Genetic Diversity and Climate Resilience.” PLoS Biology 20, no. 7 (2022): loc. e3001716. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbi0.3001716.
- GEF (Global Environmental Facility). Strengthening and Expansion of Capacities in Biosafety that Lead to a Full Implementation of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety in Guatemala. Guatemala City: United Nations Environment Programme, 2020.
- Gerdes, Justin. “Killing the Messenger.” Mother Jones, July 9, 2002. https://
www .motherjones .com /politics /2002 /07 /killing -messenger /. - Gillam, Carey. The Monsanto Papers: Deadly Secrets, Corporate Corruption, and One Man’s Search for Justice. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2021.
- ———. Whitewash: The Story of a Weed Killer, Cancer and the Corruption of Science. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2017.
- Gillezeau, Christina, Maaike van Gerwen, Rachel M Shaffer, Iemaan Rana, Luoping Zhang, Lianne Sheppard, and Emanuela Taioli. “The Evidence of Human Exposure to Glyphosate: A Review.” Environmental Health 18, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 2. https://
doi .org /10 .1186 /s12940 -018 -0435 -5. - Gladwell, Malcolm. David and Goliath: Underdogs, Misfits, and the Art of Battling Giants. New York: Little, Brown, 2013.
- GLP (Genetic Literacy Project). “Central America.” Global Gene Editing Regulation Tracker, accessed October 25, 2022. https://
crispr -gene -editing -regs -tracker .geneticliteracyproject .org /central -america -animals /. - GMO Answers. “Members of Croplife International: Bayer, BASF, Corteva, Syngenta.” Accessed October 27, 2023. https://
gmoanswers .com. - Godinez, Mario. Transgénicos: Invadiendo Las Mesas Guatemaltecas. Guatemala City: Asociación Para la Promoción y el Desarrollo de la Comunidad, 2003.
- Goldman, Francisco. The Art of Political Murder: Who Killed the Bishop? New York: Grove, 2007.
- ———. “From President to Prison: Otto Pérez Molina and a Day for Hope in Guatemala.” New Yorker, September 4, 2015.
- Goldman, Michael. Imperial Nature: The World Bank and Struggles for Justice in the Age of Globalization. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2005.
- Goldman Environmental Foundation. “Leydy Pech.” Accessed December 2, 2020. https://
www .goldmanprize .org /recipient /leydy -pech /. - González, Isabel. “Por Estrés, Víctor Manuel Toledo Renunció a Semarnat.” Excelsior, August 2, 2020. https://
www .excelsior .com .mx /nacional /por -estres -victor -manuel -toledo -renuncio -a -semarnat /1403414. - González, Roberto J. Zapotec Science: Farming and Food in the Northern Sierra of Oaxaca. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2001.
- Gonzalez, Roberto, and Laura Nader, dirs. Losing Knowledge: 50 Years of Change. Berkeley Media LLC. 41 minutes.
- González-Ortega, E., A. Piñeyro-Nelson, E. Gómez-Hernández, E. Monterrubio-Vázquez, M. Arleo, J. Dávila-Velderrain, C. Martínez-Debat, and E. R. Álvarez-Buylla. “Pervasive Presence of Transgenes and Glyphosate in Maize-Derived Food in Mexico.” Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 41, no. 9–10 (2017): 1146–61. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /21683565 .2017 .1372841. - Goodluck, Kalen, Tristan Ahtone, and Robert Lee. “The Land-Grant Universities Still Profiting Off Indigenous Homelands.” High Country News, August 18, 2020. https://
www .hcn .org /articles /indigenous -affairs -the -land -grant -universities -still -profiting -off -indigenous -homelands. - Goodman, Bryan. “Corn Grower Leaders, Joined by Administration and Congressional Officials, Warn of Consequences from Mexico Decree.” National Corn Growers Association, accessed January 31, 2023. https://
ncga .com /stay -informed /media /in -the -news /article /2023 /01 /corn -grower -leaders -joined -by -administration -and -congressional -officials -warn -of -consequences -from -mexico -decree -call -for -swift -action. - ———. “Mexico: An Important Trade Destination for US Corn.” National Corn Growers Association, accessed October 24, 2023. https://
ncga .com /stay -informed /media /in -the -news /article /2023 /10 /ncga -applauds -ag -secretary -u -s -senators -for -international -trade -funding. - Government of Canada. “Questions and Answers: Final Decision on the Re-Evaluation of 2,4-D.” Accessed May 29, 2024. https://
www .canada .ca /en /health -canada /services /consumer -product -safety /pesticides -pest -management /public /protecting -your -health -environment /questions -answers -final -decision -evaluation -2 -4 -d .html. - Government of Mexico. “Efectos Nocivos del Herbicida Glifosato.” Accessed November 22, 2023. https://
conahcyt .mx /cibiogem /index .php /sistema -nacional -de -informacion /documentos -y -actividades -en -bioseguridad /repositorio -glifosato. - GRAIN. “Seed Laws in Latin America: The Offensive Continues, So Does Popular Resistance.” October 30, 2013. http://
www .grain .org /article /entries /4808 -seed -laws -in -latin -america -the -offensive -continues -so -does -popular -resistance. - Gramsci, Antonio. Selections from the Prison Notebooks. Translated by Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell-Smith. New York: International, 1971.
- Granados, Jaime, and Rafael Cornejo. “Convergence in the Americas: Some Lessons from the DR-CAFTA Process.” World Economy 29, no. 7 (2006): 857–91. https://
doi .org /10 .1111 /j .1467 -9701 .2006 .00827 .x. - Grandia, Liza. “Between Bolivar and Bureaucracy: The Mesoamerican Biological Corridor.” Conservation and Society 5, no. 4 (2007): 478–503.
- ———. “Canary Science in the Mineshaft of the Anthropocene.” Environment and Society 12 (2021): 203–26.
- ———. Enclosed: Conservation, Cattle, and Commerce among the Q’eqchi’ Maya Lowlanders. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2012.
- ———. “From Dawn ’til Dawn: Valuing Women’s Work in Guatemala’s Petén.” In Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Tropical Forest: Guatemala’s Maya Biosphere Reserve, edited by James D. Nations, 39–46. Washington, DC: Conservation International, 1999.
- ———. From the Q’eqchi’ Kitchen: Recipes of Traditional Corn, Forest, and Milpa Foods from the Sarstoon-Temash Villages. Punta Gorda, Belize, and Berkeley, CA: Sarstoon Temash Institute for Indigenous Management, 2004.
- ———. “In Their Own Words: The House Debate on CAFTA.” Common Dreams, July 30, 2005 (site discontinued).
- ———. “Modified Landscapes: Vulnerabilities to Genetically Modified Corn in the Political Economy of Maize Production in Northern Guatemala.” Journal of Peasant Studies 41, no. 1 (2014): 79–105.
- ———. “Poisonous Exports: Pesticides, Peasants, and Conservation Paradigms in Petén, Guatemala.” Latin American Perspectives 49, no. 6 (2022): 124–52.
- ———. “Raw Hides: Hegemony and Cattle in Guatemala’s Northern Lowlands.” Geoforum 40, no. 5 (2009): 720–31.
- ———. “Road Mapping: Megaprojects and Land Grabs in the Northern Guatemalan Lowlands.” In Governing Global Land Deals: The Role of the State in the Rush for Land, edited by Wendy Wolford Jr., Saturnino M. Borras, Ruth Hall, Ian Scoones, and Ben White, 45–70. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2013.
- ———. “Seeing Like a Seed Company: Assessing the Prospects for Genetically- Modified Corn in Northern Guatemala.” Working Paper. The Hague: Land Deal Politics Initiative, 2011.
- ———. Stories from the Sarstoon Temash: Traditional Q’eqchi’ Tales by the Elders from Crique Sarco, Sunday Wood, Conejo, and Midway Villages (Toledo District, Belize). Punta Gorda, Belize, and Berkeley, CA: Sarstoon Temash Institute for Indigenous Management, 2004.
- ———. “Toxic Gaslighting: On the Ins and Outs of Pollution.” Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 6 (2020): 486–513.
- ———. “Toxic Tropics: Purity and Danger in Petén, Guatemala.” Journal of Ecological Anthropology 21, no. 1 (2019): 1–6.
- ———. Tz’aptz’ooqeb’: El Despojo Recurrente al Pueblo Q’eqchi’. Autores Invitados no. 20. Guatemala City: AVANCSO (Asociación para el Avance de las Ciencias Sociales en Guatemala), 2009.
- ———. “Unsettling: Land Dispossession and Enduring Inequity for the Q’eqchi’ Maya in the Guatemalan and Belizean Frontier Colonization Process.” PhD diss., University of California–Berkeley, 2006.
- ———. The Wealth Report: Q’eqchi’ Traditional Knowledge and Natural Resource Management in the Sarstoon-Temash National Park. Punta Gorda, Belize: Sarstoon Temash Institute for Indigenous Management, 2004.
- Grandia, Liza, Norman Schwartz, Amilcar Corzo, Oscar Obando, and Luis H. Ochoa. Salud, Migración y Recursos Naturales en Petén: Resultados del Módulo Ambiental en la Encuesta de Salud Materno Infantil 1999. Guatemala City: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, USAID, and Measure/DHS, 2001.
- Grey, Sam, and Raj Patel. “Food Sovereignty as Decolonization: Some Contributions from Indigenous Movements to Food System and Development Politics.” Agriculture and Human Values 32, no. 3 (2014): 431–44. https://
doi .org /10 .1007 /s10460 -014 -9548 -9. - Grist. “Germany to Ban Use of Glyphosate from End of 2023.” Reuters, September 4, 2019. https://
www .reuters .com /article /us -germany -glyphosate /germany -to -ban -use -of -glyphosate -from -end -of -2023 -idUSKCN1VP0TY. - ———. “Special Series on Food and Farming.” October 10, 2007. https://
grist .org /article /intro /. - Gross, Joan. “Food Activism: Researching Engagement, Engaging Research.” In Food Health: Nutrition, Technology and Public Health, edited by Janet Chrzan and John Brett, 106–17. New York: Berghahn, 2017.
- Guthman, Julie. Agrarian Dreams: The Paradox of Organic Farming in California. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004.
- ———. “Commentary on Teaching Food: Why I Am Fed Up with Michael Pollan et al.” Agriculture and Human Values 24 (2007): 261–64.
- ———. “‘If Only They Knew’: The Unbearable Whiteness of Alternative Food.” In Cultivating Food Justice: Race, Class, and Sustainability, edited by Alison Hope Alkon and Julian Agyeman, 263–81. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2011.
- Gutierrez, Edgar. Introduction to “Guatemala Elites and Organized Crime.” InSight Crime, International Development Research Center, 2016. https://
insightcrime .org /wp -content /uploads /2018 /02 /Guatemala _Elites _Organized _Crime .pdf. - Guzzon, Filippo, Luis Walquer Arandia Rios, Galo Mario Caviedes Cepeda, Marcia Céspedes Polo, Alexander Chavez Cabrera, Jesús Muriel Figueroa, Alicia Elizabeth Medina Hoyos, et al. “Conservation and Use of Latin American Maize Diversity: Pillar of Nutrition Security and Cultural Heritage of Humanity.” Agronomy 11, no. 1 (2021). https://
doi .org /10 .3390 /agronomy11010172. - Haenn, Nora. Fields of Power, Forests of Discontent: Culture, Conservation, and the State in Mexico. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2005.
- Hall, Kim Q. “Toward a Queer Crip Feminist Politics of Food.” philoSOPHIA 4, no. 2 (2015): 177–96. https://
doi .org /10 .1353 /phi .2014 .a565882. - Hanahan, Douglas, and Robert A. Weinberg. “Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation.” Cell 144, no. 5 (2011): 646–74.
- Handy, Jim. Tiny Engines of Abundance: A History of Peasant Productivity and Repression. Halifax, NS: Fernwood, 2022.
- Hansen-Kuhn, Karen. “Mexico’s Move toward Food Self Sufficiency Confronts GMOs.” Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, accessed November 24, 2019. https://
www .iatp .org /blog /201909 /mexicos -move -toward -food -self -sufficiency -confronts -gmos. - Harrison, Jill Lindsey. “Neoliberal Environmental Justice: Mainstream Ideas of Justice in Political Conflict over Agricultural Pesticides in the United States.” Environmental Politics 23, no. 4 (2014): 650–69. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /09644016 .2013 .877558. - Harvard University, T. H. Chan School of Public Health. “Obesity Prevention Source.” Accessed October 27, 2023. https://
www .hsph .harvard .edu /obesity -prevention -source /obesity -consequences /economic /#references. - Hastorf, Christine A., and Sissel Johannessen. “Becoming Corn-Eaters in Prehistoric America.” In Corn and Culture in the Prehistoric New World, edited by Sissel Johannessen and Christine A. Hastorf, 427–44. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1994.
- Hatse, Inge, and Patrick De Ceuster. Cosmovisión y Espiritualidad en la Agricultura Q’eqchi’. Vol. 18, edited by Textos Ak’ Kutan. Cobán, Alta Verapaz: Centro Ak’ Kutan, Centro Bartolome de las Casas, 2001.
- ———. Prácticas Agrosilvestres Q’eqchi’es: Mas Allá de Maíz y Frijol, Un Aporte Para la Revalorización y el Fortalecimiento de la Agricultura Tradicional Q’eqchi’. Vol. 19, edited by Textos Ak’ Kutan. Cobán, Alta Verapaz: Centro Ak’ Kutan, Centro Bartolome de las Casas, 2001.
- Hayes, Howard M., Robert E. Tarone, Kenneth P. Cantor, Carl R. Jessen, Dennis M. McCurnin, and Ralph C. Richardson. “Case-Control Study of Canine Malignant Lymphoma: Positive Association with Dog Owner’s Use of 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Herbicides.” Journal of the National Cancer Institute 83, no. 17 (1991): 1226–31. https://
doi .org /https: / /doi .org /10 .1093 /jnci /83 .17 .1226. - Heap, Ian, and Stephen O Duke. “Overview of Glyphosate-Resistant Weeds Worldwide.” Pest Management Science 74, no. 5 (2018): 1040–49. https://
doi .org /10 .1002 /ps .4760. - Heap, Ian, and Caio Rossi. “International Herbicide-Resistant Weed Database.” Weed Science, accessed October 17, 2023. http://
weedscience .org /Home .aspx. - Heilen, Jon, Rachael Cox, and Santiago López-Ridaura. “Maize Diversity, Market Access, and Poverty Reduction in the Western Highlands of Guatemala.” Mountain Research and Development 37, no. 2 (2017): 188–97.
- Held, Lisa. “New Evidence Shows Pesticides Contain PFAS, and the Scale of Contamination Is Unknown.” Civil Eats, November 7, 2022. https://
civileats .com /2022 /11 /07 /pfas -forever -chemicals -pesticides -pollution -farmland -mosquito -control -epa -inert -ingredients /. - Hellin, Jon, Mauricio R. Bellon, and Sarah J. Hearne. “Maize Landraces and Adaptation to Climate Change in Mexico.” Journal of Crop Improvement 28, no. 4 (2014): 484–501. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /15427528 .2014 .921800. - Henriques, Gisele, and Raj Patel. “NAFTA, Corn, and Mexico’s Agricultural Trade Liberalization.” Interhemispheric Resource Center, February 13, 2004. https://
www .americas .org /1814 /. - Hernández, Carol, Hugo Perales, and Daniel Jaffee. “‘Without Food There Is No Resistance’: The Impact of the Zapatista Conflict on Agrobiodiversity and Seed Sovereignty in Chiapas, Mexico.” Geoforum 128 (2022): 236–50. https://
doi .org /10 .1016 /j .geoforum .2020 .08 .016. - Hernández-López, Ernesto A. “GMO Corn in México: Precaution as Law’s Decolonial Option.” Law, Technology and Humans 2, no. 2 (2020): 97–113.
- ———. “Racializing Trade in Corn: México Fights Maíz Imports and GMOs.” Journal of International Economic Law 20, no. 2 (2022): 259–76. https://
doi .org /10 .1093 /jiel /jgac017 /6628693. - Hernández Rodríguez, Carol. “Seed Sovereignty as Decommodification: A Perspective from Subsistence Peasant Communities in Southern Mexico.” Journal of Peasant Studies 50, no. 3 (March 21, 2022): 986–2013. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /03066150 .2022 .2025780. - Hernández Rodríguez, Carol, Hugo Perales Rivera, and Daniel Jaffee. “Emociones, Semillas Nativas y Cambio Climático: El Movimiento de Soberanía de las Semillas en Chiapas, México.” Estudios de Cultura Maya 56, no. 2 (2020): 227–59. https://
doi .org /10 .19130 /iifl .ecm .2020 .56 .2 .0009. - Hiatt, Stephen, ed. A Game as Old as Empire: The Secret World of Economic Hit Men and the Web of Global Corruption. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2017.
- Holland, Agnieszka, dir. 2019. Mr. Jones. Signature Entertainment, Stanislaw Dziedzic, Andrea Chalupa, and Klaudia Smieja. 141 minutes.
- Holmes, Seth M. Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies: Indigenous Mexican Farmworkers in the United States. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2013.
- Holt-Giménez, Eric. “Measuring Farm Agroecological Resistance to Hurricane Mitch.” LEISA 17 (2001): 18–20.
- Holt-Giménez, Eric, and Raj Patel, with Annie Shattuck. Food Rebellions! Crisis and the Hunger for Justice. Oakland, CA: Food First, 2009.
- Holt-Giménez, Eric, and Annie Shattuck. “Food Crises, Food Regimes and Food Movements: Rumblings of Reform or Tides of Transformation.” Journal of Peasant Studies 38, no. 1 (2011): 109–44. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /03066150 .2010 .538578. - Hoover, Elizabeth. “‘You Can’t Say You’re Sovereign if You Can’t Feed Yourself’: Defining and Enacting Food Sovereignty in American Indian Community Gardening.” American Indian Culture and Research Journal 41, no. 3 (2017): 31–70. https://
doi .org /https: / /doi .org /10 .17953 /aicrj .41 .3 .hoover. - Howard, Philip H. Concentration and Power in the Food System: Who Controls What We Eat? London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2021.
- Hsu, Andrea. “Women Are Earning More Money.” NPR Morning Edition, April 13, 2023. https://
www .npr .org /2023 /04 /13 /1168961388 /pew -earnings -gender -wage -gap -housework -chores -child -care. - Huff, Ethan A. “How Monsanto Invaded, Occupied, and Now CONTROLS Government Regulators.” Global Research, July 12, 2016. https://
www .globalresearch .ca /how -monsanto -invaded -occupied -and -now -controls -government -regulators /5535501. - Hunter, Candace. “Dandelion History, Folklore, Myth and Magic.” Practical Herbalist, accessed November 10, 2022. https://
thepracticalherbalist .com /advanced -herbalism /dandelion -history -folklore -myth -and -magic /. - IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). DDT, Lindane, and 2,4-D. Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans 13 (2016). https://
publications .iarc .fr /Book -And -Report -Series /Iarc -Monographs -On -The -Identification -Of -Carcinogenic -Hazards -To -Humans /DDT -Lindane -And -2 -4 -D -2016. - ICTA (Instituto de Ciencia y Technología Agrícolas). “ICTA Desde 1972.” Accessed September 13, 2022. https://
www .icta .gob .gt /historia. - Iltis, Hugh. “From Teosinte to Maize: The Catastrophic Sexual Transmutation.” Science 222 (1983): 886–94.
- Imhoff, Daniel. The Farm Bill: A Citizen’s Guide. Healdsburg, CA: Watershed Media, 2019.
- ———. Foodfight: The Citizen’s Guide to a Food and Farm Bill. Healdsburg, CA: Watershed Media, 2012.
- Incite!. The Revolution Will Not Be Funded: Beyond the Non-Profit Industrial Complex. Edited by Women of Color Against Violence. Boston: South End, 2009.
- Ingwersen, Julie. “USDA Investigates Unapproved GMO Wheat Found in Washington State.” Reuters, June 7, 2019. https://
www .reuters .com /article /us -usa -wheat -gmo -idUSKCN1T900O. - Iowa Legislature. Testimony by Heartland Hemp Company, November 21, 2016. https://
www .legis .iowa .gov /docs /publications /SD /801672 .pdf. - ISAAA (International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications). “Biotech Crops Drive Socio-Economic Development and Sustainable Environment in the New Frontier.” Accessed September 14, 2023. https://
www .isaaa .org /resources /publications /briefs /55 /executivesummary /default .asp. - Isakson, S. Ryan. “Maize Diversity and the Political Economy of Agrarian Restructuring in Guatemala.” Journal of Agrarian Change 14, no. 3 (2014): 347–79. https://
doi .org /10 .1111 /joac .12023. - ———. “Market Provisioning and the Conservation of Crop Biodiversity: An Analysis of Peasant Livelihoods and Maize Diversity in the Guatemalan Highlands.” World Development 39, no. 8 (2011): 1444–59. https://
doi .org /10 .1016 /j .worlddev .2010 .12 .015. - Isenhour, Cindy. “Can Consumer Demand Deliver Sustainable Food? Recent Research in Sustainable Consumption Policy and Practice.” Environment and Society 2 (2011): 5–28.
- Jalonick, Mary Clare. “Poll Finds Most Americans Want GMO Food Labels.” PBS News Hour, January 13, 2015. https://
www .pbs .org /newshour /nation /poll -finds -americans -support -gmo -food -labeling. - Jarman, Walter M., and Karlheinz Ballschmiter. “From Coal to DDT: The History of the Development of the Pesticide DDT from Synthetic Dyes till Silent Spring.” Endeavor 36, no. 4 (2012): 131–42.
- Johannessen, Carl L. “Domestication Process of Maize Continues in Guatemala.” Economic Botany 36, no. 1 (1982): 84–99.
- Johannessen, Sissel, and Christine A. Hastorf. Corn and Culture in the Prehistoric New World. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1994.
- Johnson, Sylvia A. Tomatoes, Potatoes, Corn, and Beans: How the Foods of the Americas Changed Eating around the World. New York: Atheneum Books for Young Readers, 1997.
- Joseph, Gilbert M., and Jürgen Buchenau. Mexico’s Once and Future Revolution: Social Upheaval and the Challenge of Rule since the Late Nineteenth Century. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2013.
- Judis, John B. 2008. “Trade Secrets.” New Republic, April 8, 2008. https://
newrepublic .com /article /63888 /trade -secrets. - Kato-Yamakake, Takeo Angel. “Transgenic Varieties and Native Maize in Mexico.” Agricultura Sociedad y Desarrollo 1, no. 2 (December 2004): 101–9.
- Kauffman, Jonathan. Hippie Food: How Back-to-the-Landers, Longhairs, and Revolutionaries Changed the Way We Eat. New York: William Morrow, 2018.
- Kearney, Michael. Reconceptualizing the Peasantry: Anthropology in Global Perspective. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1996.
- Keleman, Alder, Hugo García Raño, and Jon Hellin. “Maize Diversity, Poverty, and Market Access: Lessons from Mexico.” Development in Practice 19, no. 3 (2009): 187–99. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /09614520802689444. - Keleman, A., H. Hellin, and M. R. Bellon. “Maize Diversity, Rural Development Policy, and Farmers’ Practices: Lessons from Chiapas, Mexico.” Geographical Journal 175, no. 1 (2009): 52–70.
- Keme, Emil, and Adam Coon. “For Abiayala to Live, the Americas Must Die: Toward a Transhemispheric Indigeneity.” Native American and Indigenous Studies 5, no. 1 (2018): 42–68.
- Kennett, D. J., M. Lipson, K. M. Prufer, D. Mora-Marin, R. J. George, N. Rohland, M. Robinson, et al. “South-to-North Migration Preceded the Advent of Intensive Farming in the Maya Region.” Nature Communication 13, no. 1 (2022): 1530–39. https://
doi .org /10 .1038 /s41467 -022 -29158 -y. - Kennett, Douglas J., Heather B. Thakar, Amber M. VanDerwarker, David L. Webster, Brendan J. Culleton, Thomas K. Harper, Logan Kistler, Timothy E. Scheffler, and Kenneth Hirth. “High-Precision Chronology for Central American Maize Diversification from El Gigante Rockshelter, Honduras.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 34 (2017): 9026–31.
- Khoury, Colin K., Stephen Brush, Denise E. Costich, Helen A. Curry, Stef de Haan, Johannes M. M. Engels, Luigi Guarino, et al. “Crop Genetic Erosion: Understanding and Responding to Loss of Crop Diversity.” New Phytologist 233, no. 1 (2022): 84–118. https://
doi .org /10 .1111 /nph .17733. - Kimbrell, Andrew, and Joseph Mendelson. Monsanto vs. US Farmers. Washington, DC: Center for Food Safety, 2005. https://
www .centerforfoodsafety .org /files /cfsmonsantovsfarmerreport11305 .pdf. - Kimmerer, Robin Wall. Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge, and the Teachings of Plants. Minneapolis, MN: Milkweed, 2013.
- ———. “Corn Tastes Better on an Honor System.” Emergence Magazine 3 (2018). https://
emergencemagazine .org /feature /corn -tastes -better /. - Kinchy, Abby. Seeds, Science, and Struggle: The Global Politics of Transgenic Crops. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2012.
- Kinzer, Stephen. Overthrow: America’s Century of Regime Change from Hawaii to Iraq. New York: Times, 2006.
- Kirchhoff, Paul. “Mesoamérica: Sus Límites Geográficos, Composición Etnica, y Caracteres Culturales.” Acta Americana 1 (1943): 92–107.
- Kirkendall, Richard. “Henry A. Wallace Remembered.” Choices, 1st quarter (1993): 42.
- Klein, Naomi. The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism. New York: Metropolitan, 2007.
- Kleist, Trina. “Valentine Remembered for Visionary Thinking That Transformed Agriculture.” News release, UC Davis Department of Plant Sciences, July 24, 2023. https://
www .plantsciences .ucdavis .edu /news /valentine -remembered. - Klepek, James. “Against the Grain: Biotechnology Regulation and the Politics of Expertise in Post-War Guatemala.” PhD diss., University of Arizona, 2011.
- ———. “Against the Grain: Knowledge Alliances and Resistance to Agricultural Biotechnology in Guatemala.” Canadian Journal of Development Studies 33, no. 3 (2012): 310–25.
- ———. “The New Men of Maize.” In The Guatemala Reader: History, Culture, Politics, edited by Greg Grandin, Deborah T. Levenson and Elizabeth Oglesby, 569–75. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011.
- ———. “Selling Guatemala’s Next Green Revolution: Agricultural Modernization and the Politics of GM Maize Regulation.” International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 10, no. 2 (2012): 117–34.
- Kloppenburg, Jack Ralph, Jr. First the Seed: The Political Economy of Plant Biotechnology, 1492–2000. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
- Kloppenburg, Jack, Claudia Irene Calderón, and Jean-Michel Ané. “The Nagoya Protocol and Nitrogen-Fixing Maize: Close Encounters between Indigenous Oaxacans and the Men from Mars (Inc.).” Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 12, no. 1 (2024). https://
doi .org /10 .1525 /elementa .2023 .00115. - Konforti, Lazar. “‘Nosotros No Comemos Caña’: Defence of Territory and Agrarian Change in the Polochic Valley, Guatemala.” PhD diss., University of Toronto, 2022.
- Kopp, Carol M. “The World’s 6 Biggest Corn Producers.” Investopedia, accessed October 27, 2021. https://
www .investopedia .com /articles /markets -economy /090316 /6 -countries -produce -most -corn .asp. - Kornhuber, K., C. Lesk, C. F. Schleussner, J. Jagermeyr, P. Pfleiderer, and R. M. Horton. “Risks of Synchronized Low Yields Are Underestimated in Climate and Crop Model Projections.” Nature Communications 14, no. 1 (2023): 3528. doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38906-7.
- Krader, Lawrence. The Ethnological Notebooks of Karl Marx. Amsterdam, Netherlands: International Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis, 1972.
- Kruse-Peeples, Melissa. “The Story of Glass Gem Corn.” Native Seeds, June 10, 2013. https://
www .nativeseeds .org /blogs /blog -news /the -story -of -glass -gem -corn -beauty -history -and -hope. - Krznaric, Roman. What the Rich Don’t Tell the Poor: Conversations with Guatemalan Oligarchs. Oxford, UK: Blackbird Collective, 2021.
- Kurokawa, Kazuhiko, Takao Ishii, Wei-wei An, Yasuko Kanazawa, Mutsumi Ozawa, Takashi Ichiyanagi, Takashi Saito, Eiji Nishihara, and Kazuyasu Nakaya. “A Heat-Stable Extract from Mucuna Stimulates the Differentiation of Bone Marrow Cells into Dendritic Cells and Induces Apoptosis in Cancer Cells.” Nutrition and Cancer 63, no. 1 (2011): 100–108. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /01635581 .2010 .516870. - LADB (Latin America Data Base). “After Six Months, CAFTA Failing the Poorest, Benefiting the Richest.” LADB News & Educational Services, October 19, 2006, art. 52557.
- ———. “Guatemala Losing Heritage as CAFTA Grows.” LADB News & Educational Services, October 9, 2003, art. 52590.
- ———. “Touting CAFTA in Guatemala.” LADB News & Educational Services, October 21, 2004, art. 52257.
- ———. “US Food Processor ADM Acquires Share of Mexico’s Grupo Maseca.” LADB News & Educational Services, August 28, 1996, art. 55554. https://
core .ac .uk /download /pdf /228387452 .pdf. - LaDuke, Winona. “Seeds of Our Ancestors, Seeds of Life.” TEDx Talks, accessed November 27, 2012. https://
www .youtube .com /watch ?v =pHNle172eQc. - ———. “Tribes Revive Traditional Hemp Economies: A Post-Petroleum Plan.” YES! Magazine, February 16, 2021. https://
www .yesmagazine .org /issue /ecological -civilization /2021 /02 /16 /tribes -revive -traditional -hemp -economies. - Langwick, Stacey Ann. “A Politics of Habitability: Plants, Healing, and Sovereignty in a Toxic World.” Cultural Anthropology 33, no. 3 (2018): 415–43. https://
doi .org /10 .14506 /ca33 .3 .06. - Lavin, Chad. Eating Anxiety: The Perils of Food Politics. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2013.
- ———. “The Year of Eating Politically.” Theory & Event 12, no. 2 (2009).
- Lea, YiShan. “The Praxis of Cultural Sustainability: A Q’eqchi’ Maya Case of Cultural Autonomy and Resistance against the Monsanto Law in Guatemala.” Theory in Action 11, no. 4 (2018): 44–73. https://
doi .org /10 .3798 /tia .1937 -0237 .1825. - Leffertt, Mike. “Region Could Suffer Severely from U.S. Ethanol Policy.” LADB News & Educational Services, February 1, 2007, art 51517.
- Levidow, Les. “Democratizing Technology—Or Technologizing Democracy? Regulating Agricultural Biotechnology in Europe.” Technology in Society 20 (1998): 211–26.
- Lind, David, and Elizabeth Barham. “The Social Life of the Tortilla: Food, Cultural Politics, and Contested Commodification.” Agriculture and Human Values 21 (2004): 47–60.
- Lissardy, Gerardo. “Por Qué La Elite Económica de Guatemala es Considerada Una de Las Más ‘Voraces’ de América Latina.” BBC, June 29, 2023. https://
www .bbc .com /mundo /articles /c2je2drrd050. - Lorek, Timothy W. 2022. “The Green Revolution in Latin America.” In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin American History. Accessed July 18, 2022. https://
doi .org /10 .1093 /acrefore /9780199366439 .013 .1085. - Lovell, W. George, Christopher H. Lutz, and Wendy Kramer. Strike Fear in the Land: Pedro de Alvarado and the Conquest of Guatemala, 1520–41. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2020.
- Loyola, Mario. “Stop the Ethanol Madness.” The Atlantic, November 23, 2019. https://
www .theatlantic .com /ideas /archive /2019 /11 /ethanol -has -forsaken -us /602191 /. - Lozano-Kasten, Felipe, Erick Sierra-Diaz, Humberto Gonzalez Chavez, Alejandro Aarón Peregrina Lucano, Rosa Cremades, and Elena Sandoval Pinto. “Seasonal Urinary Levels of Glyphosate in Children from Agricultural Communities.” Dose-Response 1 (2021): 1–6.
- Lynch, Meghan, and Audrey Giles. “Let Them Eat Organic Cake.” Food, Culture & Society 16, no. 3 (2015): 479–93. https://
doi .org /10 .2752 /175174413x13673466711967. - Mabey, Richard. Weeds: In Defense of Nature’s Most Unloved Plants. London: HarperCollins, 2010.
- MacDonald, James M. “Mergers in Seeds and Agricultural Chemicals: What Happened?” Amber Waves, February 15, 2019. https://
www .ers .usda .gov /amber -waves /2019 /february /mergers -in -seeds -and -agricultural -chemicals -what -happened /. - Magnan, André. “Strange Bedfellows: Contentious Coalitions and the Politics of GM Wheat.” Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 44 (2007): 289–317.
- Malkan, Stacy. “Glyphosate: Cancer and Other Health Concerns.” U.S. Right to Know, accessed January 19, 2024. https://
usrtk .org /pesticides /glyphosate -health -concerns /. - Malten, Willem. “Rethinking a Weed: The Truth about Amaranth.” Our World, United Nations University, October 11, 2010. https://
ourworld .unu .edu /en /rethinking -a -weed -the -truth -about -amaranth. - Mangelsdorf, Paul C., and James W. Cameron. “Western Guatemala: A Secondary Center of Origin of Cultivated Maize Varieties.” Harvard University Botanical Museum Leaflet 10 (1942): 217–52.
- Mann, Charles C. 1491: New Revelations of the Americas before Columbus. New York: Knopf, 2005.
- ———. “Has GM Corn ‘Invaded’ Mexico?” Science 295, no. 5560 (2002): 1617–19.
- Manuel, Arthur. “Indigenous Brief to WTO: How the Denial of Aboriginal Title Serves as an Illegal Export Subsidy.” In Paradigm Wars, edited by Jerry Mander and Victoria Tauli-Corpuz, 203–9. San Francisco: Sierra Club, 2006.
- Manz, Beatriz. Paradise in Ashes: A Guatemalan Journey of Courage, Terror, and Hope. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004.
- Marcos, Subcommander. “The Fourth World War Has Begun.” In The Zapatista Reader, edited by Tom Hayden, 270–85. New York: Thunder’s Mouth, 2001.
- Martínez Esponda, Francisco Xavier, Mariana Benítez Keinrad, Ximena Ramos Pedrueza Ceballos, Gisselle García Maning, Luis Bracamontes Nájera, and Benito Vázquez Quesada. Report on the Biocultural Relevance of Mexico’s Legislation and Public Policy on Agriculture. Mexico City: Centro Mexicano de Derecho Ambiental, 2016. https
/www .cemda .org .mx /wp -content /uploads /2011 /12 /InformeMasAgro _Ingles .pdf. - Martínez-Torres, María Elena, and Peter M. Rosset. “Diálogo de Saberes in La Vía Campesina: Food Sovereignty and Agroecology.” Journal of Peasant Studies 41, no. 6 (2014): 979–97. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /03066150 .2013 .872632. - ———. “La Vía Campesina: The Birth and Evolution of a Transnational Social Movement.” Journal of Peasant Studies 37, no. 1 (2010): 149–75. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /03066150903498804. - Martyn, Amy. “In Monsanto’s Old Backyard, a School District Suspends Roundup.” Consumer Affairs, April 24, 2019. https://
www .consumeraffairs .com /news /in -monsantos -old -backyard -a -school -district -suspends -roundup -042419 .html. - Marx, Karl. Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, Volume 1. Translated by Ben Fowkes. New York: Penguin, 1976.
- Marya, Rupa, and Raj Patel. Inflamed: Deep Medicine and the Anatomy of Injustice. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2021.
- Matchett, Karin. “At Odds over Inbreeding: An Abandoned Attempt at Mexico/United States Collaboration to ‘Improve’ Mexican Corn, 1940–1950.” Journal of the History of Biology 39 (2006): 345–72. https://
doi .org /10 .1007 /s. - Matsuoka, Yoshihiro, Yves Vigouroux, Major M. Goodman, Jesus Sanchez G., Edward Buckler, and John Doebley. “A Single Domestication for Maize Shown by Multilocus Microsatellite Genotyping.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99, no. 9 (2002): 6080–84.
- Mattei, Ugo, and Laura Nader. Plunder: When the Rule of Law Is Illegal. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2008.
- Mauss, Marcel. The Gift: The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies. Translated by Mary Douglas. New York: W. W. Norton, 1950.
- McAfee, Kathleen. “Corn Culture and Dangerous DNA: Real and Imagined Consequences of Maize Transgene Flow in Oaxaca.” Journal of Latin American Geography 2, no. 1 (2003): 18–42.
- McCreery, David. “‘An Odious Feudalism’: Mandamiento Labor and Commercial Agriculture in Guatemala, 1858–1920.” Latin American Perspectives 13, no. 1 (1986): 99–117.
- McMichael, Philip. Food Regimes and Agrarian Questions. Halifax, NS: Fernwood, 2013.
- ———. “Political Economy of the Global Food and Agriculture System.” In Rethinking Food and Agriculture, edited by Amir Kassam and Laila Kassam, 53–75. Cambridge, UK: Woodhead, 2021.
- McWilliams, James E. Just Food: Where Locavores Get It Wrong and How We Can Truly Eat Responsibly. New York: Back Bay, 2009.
- Menchú, Rigoberta. I, Rigoberta Menchu: An Indian Woman in Guatemala. Translated by Ann Wright. Edited by Elizabeth Burgos-Debray. London: Verso, 1984.
- Mencos, Rodolfo. “La Situación de los Transgénicos en Guatemala.” In América Latina La Transgénesis de un Continente: Visión Crítica de una Expansión Descontrolada, edited by María Isabel Manzur, Georgina Catacora, María Isabel Cárcamo, Elizabeth Bravo, and Miguel Altieri, 92–95. Santiago, Chile: Libro Libre de Propiedad Intelectual, 2009.
- Méndez Cota, Gabriela. Disrupting Maize: Food, Biotechnology and Nationalism in Contemporary Mexico. London: Rowman and Littlefield, 2015.
- Méndez Rojas, Diana Alejandra. “Maize and the Green Revolution: Guatemala in the Global Context of Agricultural Research, 1954–64.” Ciencia Nueva 3, no. 1 (2019): 135–58.
- Mercer, Kristin L., and Hugo R. Perales. “Evolutionary Response of Landraces to Climate Change in Centers of Crop Diversity.” Evolutionary Applications 3, no. 5–6 (2010): 480–93. https://
www .ncbi .nlm .nih .gov /pubmed /25567941. - Mercer, Kristin L., and Joel D. Wainwright. “Gene Flow from Transgenic Maize to Landraces in Mexico: An Analysis.” Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 123, no. 1–3 (2008): 109–15. https://
doi .org /10 .1016 /j .agee .2007 .05 .007. - Mies, Maria. Patriarchy and Accumulation on a World Scale. London: Zed, 1986.
- Mighty Earth. “Cargill: The Worst Company in the World.” July 11, 2019. https://
www .mightyearth .org /cargillreport. - Miller, Simon. “The Mexican Hacienda between the Insurgency and the Revolution: Maize Production and Commercial Triumph on the Temporal.” Journal of Latin American Studies 16, no. 2 (1984): 309–36.
- Ministry of Agriculture (Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería). “Crear el Comité Técnico de Bioseguridad Agrícola de Guatemala, 16 de septiembre de 2019.” Diario de Centro América, accessed October 8, 2019. https://
visar .maga .gob .gt /visar /2019 /20 /AM270 -2019 .pdf. - Mintz, Sidney W. “Food Patterns in Agrarian Societies: The ‘Core-Fringe-Legume Hypothesis.’” Gastromica 1, no. 3 (Summer 2001): 40–44.
- ———. Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History. New York: Penguin, 1985.
- Mintz, Sidney W., and Christine M. Du Bois. “The Anthropology of Food and Eating.” Annual Review of Anthropology 31 (2002): 99–119.
- Mitchell, Stacy. “Localwashing: How Corporate America Is Co-Opting ‘Local.’” Utne Reader, November–December 2009, 11–13.
- Mohawk, John. “Subsistence and Materialism.” In Paradigm Wars: Indigenous Peoples’ Resistance to Globalization, edited by Jerry Mander and Victoria Tauli-Corpuz, 26–28. San Francisco: Sierra Club, 2006.
- ———. Utopian Legacies: A History of Conquest and Oppression in the Western World. Santa Fe, NM: Clear Light, 2000.
- Monsanto Corporation. “Statement on Guatemala.” September 8, 2014. http://
monsantoblog .com /2014 /09 /08 /statement -on -guatemala /. - Monstross, Jessica. “UC Davis Researchers Discover Nitrogen-Fixing Corn.” Aggie, February 22, 2019. https://
theaggie .org /2019 /02 /22 /uc -davis -researchers -discover -nitrogen -fixing -corn /. - Montejo, Victor, and Luis Garay. Popol Vuh: A Sacred Book of the Maya. Translated by David Unger. Toronto: Groundwood, 1999.
- Montejo, Victor, and Lyle Lampbell. “The Origin of Corn: A Jacaltec Tale in Comparative Mayan Perspective.” Latin American Indian Literatures Journal 9, no. 2 (1993): 99–119.
- Montenegro de Wit, Maywa. “Banking on Wild Relatives to Feed the World.” Gastronomica 16, no. 1 (2016): 1–8. https://
doi .org /10 .1525 /gfc .2016 .16 .1 .1. - ———. “Can Agroecology and CRISPR Mix? The Politics of Complementarity and Moving toward Technology Sovereignty.” Agriculture and Human Values 39, no. 2 (2021): 733–55. https://
doi .org /10 .1007 /s10460 -021 -10284 -0. - Mooney, Pat, Nick Jacobs, Veronica Villa, Jim Thomas, Marie-Hélène Bacon, Louise Vandelac, and Christina Schiavoni. A Long Food Movement: Transforming Food Systems by 2045. IPES-Food Panel and ETC Group, March 29, 2021. https://
www .etcgroup .org /content /long -food -movement. - Morales, Helda. “Agroecological Feminism.” Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 45, no. 7 (2021): 955–56.
- Morgan, Marsha K., Linda S. Sheldon, Kent W. Thomas, Peter P. Egeghy, Carry W. Croghan, Paul A. Jones, Jane C. Chuang, and Nancy K. Wilson. “Adult and Children’s Exposure to 2,4-D from Multiple Sources and Pathways.” Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology 18, no. 5 (2008): 486–94. https://
doi .org /10 .1038 /sj .jes .7500641. - Morley, Samuel. Trade Liberalization under CAFTA: An Analysis of the Agreement with Special Reference to Agriculture and Smallholders in Central America. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2006.
- Morton, Paula E. Tortillas: A Cultural History. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2014.
- Mullaney, Emma Gaalaas. “Agricultural Revolution.” In Encyclopedia of Energy: Geography of Energy, edited by Morris A. Pierce, 11–15. Ipswich, MA: Salem Press, 2013.
- Müller, Birgit. “Introduction: GMOs—Global Objects of Contention.” European Journal of Anthropology 48 (2006): 3–16.
- Murphy, Sophia, David Burch, and Jennifer Clapp. “Cereal Secrets.” Oxfam Research Reports, accessed August 3, 2012. https://
www .oxfam .org /en /research /cereal -secrets -worlds -largest -grain -traders -and -global -agriculture. - Nabhan, Chadi. Toxic Exposure. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2023.
- Nabhan, Gary. Enduring Seeds: Native American Agriculture and Wild Plant Conservation. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1989.
- Nadal, Alejandro. “Corn and NAFTA: An Unhappy Alliance.” Seedling: The Quarterly Newsletter of Genetic Resources Action International (GRAIN), June 20, 2000. https://
grain .org /en /article /214 -corn -and -nafta -an -unhappy -alliance. - ———. Corn in NAFTA, Eight Years After. Mexico City: El Colegio de México and North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation, 2002.
- ———. The Environmental and Social Impacts of Economic Liberalization on Corn Production in Mexico. Oxford, UK: Oxfam, 2000.
- ———. “Zea Mays: Effects of Trade Liberalization of Mexico’s Corn Sector.” In Greening the Americas: NAFTA’s Lessons for Hemispheric Trade, edited by Carolyn L. Deere and Daniel C. Esty, 143–62. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002. https://
doi .org /10 .7551 /mitpress /3366 .003 .0012. - Nader, Laura. The Energy Reader. Berkeley, CA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
- ———. Harmony Ideology: Justice and Control in a Zapotec Mountain Village. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1990.
- ———. “Up the Anthropologist: Perspectives Gained from Studying Up.” In Reinventing Anthropology, edited by Dell H. Hymes, 285–311. New York: Pantheon, 1969.
- Nader, Ralph. Breaking Through Power: It’s Easier Than We Think. San Francisco: City Lights, 2016.
- ———. Unstoppable: The Emerging Left-Right Alliance to Dismantle the Corporate State. New York: Nation, 2014.
- Nader, Ralph, and Lori Wallach. “GATT, NAFTA, and the Subversion of the Democratic Process.” In The Case Against the Global Economy and a Turn Toward the Local, edited by Jerry Mander and Edward Goldsmith, 92–107. San Francisco: Sierra Club, 1996.
- Nafici, Saara. “Weed of the Month: Pigweed.” Brooklyn Botanical Garden, 2017. https://
www .bbg .org /news /weed _of _the _month _pigweed. - Nagarajan, Natasha. “New Greenhouse Honors Scientist, Aims to Further Maize Wild Relatives Research.” CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), April 2, 2020. https://
www .cimmyt .org /news /new -greenhouse -honors -scientist -aims -to -further -maize -wild -relatives -research /. - Naidenko, Olga, and Sonya Lunder. “Atrazine: A Harmful Weedkiller Taints Tap Water for Millions in US.” EWG (Environmental Working Group), August 29, 2017. https://
www .ewg .org /news -insights /news /2017 /08 /atrazine -harmful -weedkiller -taints -tap -water -millions -us. - Naik, Ashka, T. J. Faircloth, Charlotte Dreger, and Simone Adler. “Corporate Capture of FAO: Industry’s Deepening Influence on Global Food Governance.” Corporate Accountability, FIAN International, and EU Pesticide Action Network International, accessed June 7, 2022. https://
www .fian .org /en /publication /article /report -corporate -capture -of -fao -industrys -deepening -influence -on -global -food -governance -2972. - Nations, James D., and Daniel Komer. “Rainforests and the Hamburger Society.” Environment 24, no. 3 (1983): 12–20.
- Naylor, Lindsay. “GMOs, the Land Grab, and Epistemological Enclosures.” In Routledge Handbook of Global Land and Resource Grabbing, edited by Andreas Neef, Chanrith Ngin, Tsegaye Moreda, and Sharlene Mollett, 143–55. New York: Routledge, 2023.
- NCGA (National Corn Growers Association). “Mission.” Accessed May 22, 2024. https://
www .guidestar .org /profile /42 -0897662. - Neruda, Pablo. Selected Odes of Pablo Neruda. Translated by Margaret Sayers Peden. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.
- Nestle, Marion, and W. Alex McIntosh. “Writing the Food Studies Movement.” Food, Culture & Society 13, no. 2 (2010): 159–79.
- Nevaer, Louis E. V. “Mexico’s NAFTA Generation Faces Morbid Obesity.” New America Media, July 16, 2009. https://
imdiversity .com /villages /hispanic /mexicos -nafta -generation -confronts -morbid -obesity /. - Nigh, Ronald. “Agriculture in the Information Age: The Transnational Ecology of Corporate versus Smallholder Farming.” Urban Anthropology and Studies of Cultural Systems and World Economic Development 28, no. 3–4 (1999): 253–98.
- Oglesby, Elizabeth. “Corporate Citizenship? Elites, Labor, and the Geographies of Work in Guatemala.” Environment and Planning D 22 (2004): 553–72.
- Olsson, Tore C. Agrarian Crossings: Reformers and the Remaking of the US and Mexican Countryside. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2017.
- Otero, Adriana. Mexico: Agricultural Biotechnology Annual. Washington, DC: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, 2015–21. https://
www .fas .usda .gov /data. - Otero, Gerardo. “Blaming the Victim or Structural Conditioning? COVID-19, Obesity and the Neoliberal Diet.” Journal of Agrarian Change 24, no. 1 (2023). https://
doi .org /10 .1111 /joac .12564. - ———, ed. Food for the Few: Neoliberal Globalism and Biotechnology in Latin America. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2008.
- Otero, Gerardo, Efe Can Gürcan, Gabriela Pechlaner, and Giselle Liberman. “Food Security, Obesity, and Inequality: Measuring the Risk of Exposure to the Neoliberal Diet.” Journal of Agrarian Change 18, no. 3 (2018): 536–54. https://
doi .org /10 .1111 /joac .12252. - Our Herb Garden. “Dandelion History.” Accessed November 10, 2022. http://
www .ourherbgarden .com /herb -history /dandelion -history .html. - Oxfam America. “Seeds of Discord or Seeds for Development—Which Way for US Policy with El Salvador? The Politics of Poverty, Ideas and Analysis from Oxfam America’s Policy Experts” (guest blog). July 3, 2014. http://
politicsofpoverty .oxfamamerica .org /2014 /07 /seeds -discord -seeds -development -way -us -policy -el -salvador /. - Palmer, Doug. “Some Secrecy Needed in Trade Talks: Ron Kirk.” Reuters, May 13, 2012. http://
www .reuters .com /article /2012 /05 /14 /us -usa -trade -kirk -idUSBRE84C0AQ20120514. - Palomo, Laysa. “12 Cosas Que Tienes que Saber Sobre la Famosa ‘Ley Monsanto.’” brujula.com, August 18, 2014. https://
brujula .com .gt /12 -cosas -que -tienes -que -saber -sobre -la -famosa -ley -monsanto /. - Pascual, Daniel. “Rechazan Ley que ‘Amenaza’ Derecho a la Alimentación.” YouTube video, August 19, 2014. https://
www .youtube .com /watch ?v =hi _CxlGDJWo. - Patel, Raj. “The Long Green Revolution.” Journal of Peasant Studies 40, no. 1 (2013): 1–63.
- ———. Stuffed and Starved: The Hidden Battle for the World Food System. Brooklyn, NY: Melville House, 2012.
- ———. The Value of Nothing: How to Reshape Market Society and Redefine Democracy. New York: Picador, 2010.
- Patel, Raj, and Jason Moore. A History of the World in Seven Cheap Things. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2017.
- Pearson, Thomas. “On the Trail of Living Modified Organisms: Environmentalism within and against Neoliberal Order.” Cultural Anthropology 24, no. 4 (2009): 712–45.
- Pechlaner, Gabriela. Corporate Crops: Biotechnology, Agriculture, and the Struggle for Control. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2012.
- Peckenham, Nancy. “Bullets and Beans.” Multinational Monitor 5, no. 4 (April 1984): 169–77. https://
www .multinationalmonitor .org /hyper /issues /1984 /04 /peckenham .html. - Peralta, José. “[De]Stabilizing the Neoliberal Food Regime: The Struggle for the Defense of Corn in Mexico.” PhD diss., University of Illinois, 2012.
- Perkins, John H. Geopolitics and the Green Revolution: Wheat, Genes, and the Cold War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
- ———. “The Rockefeller Foundation and the Green Revolution, 1941–1956.” Agriculture and Human Values 7 (1990): 6–18.
- Perro, Michelle, and Vincanne Adams. What’s Making Our Children Sick? How Industrial Food Is Causing an Epidemic of Chronic Illness, and What Parents (and Doctors) Can Do about It. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2017.
- Philpott, Tom. “A Brief History of Our Deadly Addiction to Nitrogen Fertilizer.” Mother Jones, April 19, 2013.
- ———. “A Small Farmer Ruminates on Consolidation in the Global Seed Market.” Grist, October 11, 2005. https://
grist .org /article /dominant -traits -time -to -bust -the -gm -seed -trusts /. - Phys.org. “China Shifting GM Policy to Grow More Corn, Soybean.” January 18, 2022. https://
phys .org /news /2022 -01 -china -shifting -gm -policy -corn .html. - Pilcher, Jeffrey M. Planet Taco: A Global History of Mexican Food. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.
- Pimentel, David. “Is Silent Spring Behind Us?” In Silent Spring Revisited, edited by Gino J. Marco, Robert M. Hollingworth, and William Durham, 175–87. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1987.
- Pimentel, David, Paul Hepperly, James Hansen, David Douds, and Rita Seidel. “Environmental, Energetic, and Economic Comparisons of Organic and Conventional Farming Systems.” BioSicence 55, no. 7 (2005): 573–82.
- Pisa, Lennard, Dave Goulson, En-Cheng Yang, David Gibbons, Francisco Sánchez-Bayo, Edward Mitchell, Alexandre Aebi, et al. “An Update of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on Systemic Insecticides.” Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28 (2021): 11749–97.
- Plymale, Brett, dir. A Chemical Reaction. Produced by Tim Rhys and Paul Tukey. 2009. 80 minutes.
- Poison Papers B-3071. “Roundup/2,4-D Package Mix.” Internal Monsanto documents from 1983, accessed May 29, 2024. https://
www .documentcloud .org /documents /3440377 -Poison -Papers -B -3071. - Poitras, Manuel. “Unnatural Growth: The Political Economy of Biotechnology in
- Mexico.” In Food for the Few: Neoliberal Globalism and Biotechnology in Latin
- America, edited by Gerardo Otero, 115–33. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2008.
- Polanyi, Karl. The Great Transformation. New York: Rinehart, 1944.
- Pollack, Andrew. “Monsanto’s Fortunes Turn Sour.” BlueRidge Now, October 5, 2010. https://
www .blueridgenow .com /story /news /2010 /10 /05 /monsanto -x2019 -s -fortunes -turn /28254386007 /. - Pollan, Michael. The Botany of Desire: A Plant’s Eye View of the World. New York: Random House, 2001.
- ———. Food Rules: An Eater’s Manual. New York: Penguin, 2009.
- ———. In Defense of Food: An Eater’s Manifesto. New York: Penguin, 2008.
- ———. The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals. New York: Penguin, 2006.
- ———. “Overabundance of Corn and Its Effect on the Economy.” Interview by Mike Pesca. Day to Day, November 27, 2003. https://
michaelpollan .com /interviews /overabundance -of -corn -and -its -effect -on -the -economy /. - ———. “The Way We Live Now: Cattle Futures.” New York Times Magazine, January 11, 2004.
- ———. “The Way We Live Now: The Great Yellow Hype.” New York Times Magazine, March 4, 2001. https://
michaelpollan .com /articles -archive /the -way -we -live -now -the -great -yellow -hype /. - Pretty, Jules N. “The Magic Bean (Mucuna pruriens—The Velvetbean).” Viartis.net, accessed February 5, 2023. https://
viartis .net /parkinsons .disease /mucuna .pruriens .pdf. - Price, Becky, and Janet Cotter. “The GM Contamination Register: A Review of Recorded Contamination Incidents Associated with Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), 1997–2013.” International Journal of Food Contamination 1, no. 5 (2014): 1–3. https://
doi .org /https: / /doi .org /10 .1186 /s40550 -014 -0005 -8. - Pritchard, B. “Food Regimes.” In International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, edited by Rob Kitchin and Nigel Thrift, 221–25. London: Elsevier, 2009.
- Prosalus, Caritas Española, and Veterinarios Sin Fronteras. Un Derecho Vulnerado. Madrid: Comunidad de Madrid, 2005.
- Pskowski, Martha. “Indigenous Maize: Who Owns the Rights to Mexico’s ‘Wonder’ Plant?” Yale Environment 360, July 16, 2019. https://
e360 .yale .edu /features /indigenous -maize -who -owns -the -rights -to -mexicos -wonder -plant. - Public Citizen. “Cargill vs. Mexico: When the Defense of National Industry Costs Millions.” I$D$ Platform, April 2021. https://
www .isds .bilaterals .org / ?cargill -vs -mexico -when -the -defense. - ———. “Corporations Reveal What They Want in a New NAFTA.” Accessed May 30, 2024. https://
www .citizen .org /wp -content /uploads /nafta _factsheet _ - _isds _corporate _comments .pdf. - ———. “More Information on Fast Track Trade Authority.” Accessed October 28, 2021. https://
www .citizen .org /article /more -information -on -fast -track -trade -authority /. - ———. “NAFTA’s Legacy for Mexico: Economic Displacement, Lower Wages for Most, Increased Migration.” Accessed October 27, 2021. https://
www .citizen .org /wp -content /uploads /migration /nafta _factsheet _mexico _legacy _march _2018 _final .pdf. - Puente. “Why Amaranth?” Puente a la Salud Comunitaria, AC, accessed February 5, 2023. https://
www .puentemexico .org /en /story /amaranth /. - Queally, Jon. “Let’s Be Clear, Says Mexico Environment Minister, ‘Parasitic and Predatory Neoliberalism’ to Blame for Climate Crisis.” Common Dreams, May 30, 2019. https://
www .commondreams .org /news /2019 /05 /30 /lets -be -clear -says -mexico -environment -minister -parasitic -and -predatory -neoliberalism. - Quigley, Mary. “NCGA Recognizes NAFTA Benefits.” National Corn Growers Association, February 27, 2019. https://
ncga .com /stay -informed /media /in -the -news /article /2019 /01 /ncga -recognizes -nafta -benefits. - Quijones, Don. “Mexican Gourmet Chefs Sharpen Knives in Global Food War.” Wolf Street, August 27, 2015. https://
wolfstreet .com /2015 /08 /27 /chefs -in -mexico -sharpen -knives -in -monsantos -gmo -food -war /. - Quist, David, and Ignacio Chapela. “Transgenic DNA Introgressed into Traditional Maize Landraces in Oaxaca, Mexico.” Nature 414, no. 6863 (2001): 541–43.
- Rauh, Virginia, Srikesh Arunajadai, Megan Horton, Federica Perera, Lori Hoepner, Dana B. Barr, and Robin Whyatt. “Seven-Year Neurodevelopmental Scores and Prenatal Exposure to Chlorpyrifos, a Common Agricultural Pesticide.” Environmental Health Perspectives 119, no. 8 (2011): 196–201.
- Ray, Janisse. The Seed Underground: A Growing Revolution to Save Food. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2012.
- Regis, Ed. “The True Story of the Genetically Modified Superfood That Almost Saved Millions.” Foreign Policy, October 17, 2019. https://
foreignpolicy .com /2019 /10 /17 /golden -rice -genetically -modified -superfood -almost -saved -millions /. - Reina, Ruben E. “Milpas and Milperos: Implications for Prehistoric Times.” American Anthropologist 69, no. 1 (1967): 1–20.
- Ribeiro, Silvia. “The Day the Sun Dies: Contamination and Resistance in Mexico.” GRAIN Seedling, July 24, 2004. https://
grain .org /es /entries /423 -the -day -the -sun -dies -contamination -and -resistance -in -mexico. - ———. Maíz, Transgénicos y Transnacionales. Edited by Fundación Heinrich Böll México y Caribe with Grupo ETC. Ciudad de México: Editorial Itaca, 2020.
- Richard, Analiese M. “Withered Milpas: Governmental Disaster and the Mexican Countryside.” Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Anthropology 13, no. 2 (2008): 387–413.
- Richards, Paul. “Cultivation: Knowledge or Performance?” In An Anthropological Critique of Development: The Growth of Ignorance, edited by Mark Hobart, 61–78. London: Routledge, 1993.
- Ricker, Tom. “Competition or Massacre? Central American Farmers’ Dismal Prospects under CAFTA.” Multinational Monitor 25, no. 4 (April 2004): 9–12.
- Ritchie, Hannah. “Half of the World’s Habitable Land Is Used for Agriculture.” Our World in Data, accessed December 30, 2019. https://
ourworldindata .org /global -land -for -agriculture. - Robin, Marie-Monique. The World According to Monsanto: Pollution, Corruption, and the Control of the World’s Food Supply. Translated by George Holoch. New York: New Press, 2008.
- Rodale Institute. Regenerative Organic Agriculture and Climate Change: A Down-to-Earth Solution to Global Warming. Kutztown, PA: Rodale Institute, 2014. https://
rodaleinstitute .org /wp -content /uploads /rodale -white -paper .pdf. - Rodríguez, Mario. “El Conocimiento Tradicional, La Normativa de Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual y la Ley de Protección de Obtenciones Vegetales.” Revista Realidad Nacional 3, no. 55 (2014): 32–47.
- Rodríguez, Roberto Cintli. Our Sacred Maíz Is Our Mother: Indigeneity and Belonging in the Americas. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2014.
- Romero, Adam M. Economic Poisoning: Industrial Waste and the Chemicalization of American Agriculture. Oakland: University of California Press, 2022.
- Roosevelt, Edith Kermit. “The Chemical Bomb.” Umoja Sasa 7, no. 2 (1983): 34, 36, 48.
- Rose, Nick. “From the Cancer Stage of Capitalism to the Political Principle of the Common: The Social Immune Response of ‘Food as Commons.’” International Journal of Health Policy Management 10, no. 12 (2021): 946–56. https://
doi .org /10 .34172 /ijhpm .2021 .20. - Roseberry, William. “The Rise of Yuppie Coffees and the Re-Imagination of Class in the United States.” American Anthropologist 98, no. 4 (1996): 762–75.
- Roseboro, Ken. “Days Are Numbered for Pre-Harvest Use of Glyphosate.” The Organic and Non-GMO Report, August 8, 2020. https://
non -gmoreport .com /articles /days -are -numbered -for -pre -harvest -use -of -glyphosate /. - Rosemont, Franklin. “Karl Marx and the Iroquois.” library.com, accessed January 14, 2009. https://
libcom .org /library /karl -marx -iroquois -franklin -rosemont. - Ross, Eric B. The Malthus Factor: Population, Poverty and Politics in Capitalist Development. London: Zed, 1998.
- Rosset, Peter M. Food Is Different: Why We Must Get the WTO Out of Agriculture. New York: Zed, 2006.
- ———. “Social Movements, Agroecology, and Food Sovereignty: Research for, with, and by Social Movements, Accompany the Collective Reading and Transformation of Reality.” In The Dialectics of Ecology: Biological, Historical and Political Intersections, edited by Gerald Smith, 49–52. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2020.
- Rowan, John. “VVA Seeks President’s Help to Study Dow’s Dioxin Corn Seed.” Vietnam Veterans of America, press release no. 02-011, May 23, 2012.
- Rowell, Andrew. “Immoral Maize: Definitive Account of Chapela Affair.” GM Watch, May 7, 2009. https://
www .gmwatch .org /en /latest -listing /1 -test /10959 -immoral -maize -definitive -account -of -chapela -affair. - Ruckstuhl, Katharina, Irma A. Velásquez Nimatuj, John-Andrew McNeish, and Nancy Postero. “Introduction: Indigenous Futurities, Rethinking Indigenous Development.” In The Routledge Handbook of Indigenous Development, edited by Katharina Ruckstuhl, Irma A. Velásquez Nimatuj, John-Andrew McNeish, and Nancy Postero, 1–16. New York: Routledge, 2022.
- Ruiz-Marrero, Carmelo. “Genetic Pollution: Biotech Corn Invades Mexico.” CorpWatch, March 20, 2002. https://
corpwatch .org /article /genetic -pollution -biotech -corn -invades -mexico. - Ruskin, Gary. “Seedy Business: What Big Food Is Hiding with Its Slick PR Campaign on GMOs.” US Right to Know, 2015. https://
usrtk .org /gmo /seedy -business /. - Ruttan, Vernon W. United States Development Assistance Policy: The Domestic Politics of Foreign Economic Aid. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996.
- Sacco, Christopher. “Accelerating Ecological Farming to Address the Global Food Insecurity and Environmental Crises.” Aegis Conservation Ecology & Regenerative Development (blog), September 6, 2022. https://
www .groundswellinternational .org /blog /addressing -the -global -food -crisis -through -agroecology -a -series -by -chris -sacco /. - Sánchez G., J. J., L. De La Cruz, V. A. Vidal M., J. Ron P., S. Taba, F. Santacruz-Ruvalcaba, S. Sood, et al. “Three New Teosintes (Zea spp., Poaceae) from Mexico.” American Journal of Botany 98, no. 9 (2011): 1537–48. https://
doi .org /10 .3732 /ajb .1100193. - Sánchez González, José de Jesús, José Ariel Ruiz Corral, Guillermo Medina García, Gabriela Ramírez Ojeda, Lino de la Cruz Larios, James Brendan Holland, Roberto Miranda Medrano, and Giovanni Emmanuel García Romero. “Ecogeography of Teosinte.” PLoS One 13, no. 2 (2018): loc. e0192676. https://
doi .org /10 .1371 /journal .pone .0192676. - Santos Baca, Andrea, and Julia Cristina de Sousa e Berruezo. “Maize and the World Market: A History of Racism, Commodification, and Resistance.” In Food Security and International Relations: Critical Perspectives from the Global South, edited by Thiago Lima and Agostina Costantino, 133–62. Stuttgart: Ibidem-Verlag, 2020.
- Schapiro, Mark. Seeds of Resistance: The Fight to Save Our Food Supply. New York: Skyhorse, 2018.
- ———. “Toxic Inaction: Why Poisonous, Unregulated Chemicals End Up in Our Blood.” Harper’s Magazine, October 2007, 78–83.
- Schiffman, Richard. “Life in the Rural Police State of Monsanto.” Truthout, June 19, 2013. https://
truthout .org /articles /life -in -the -rural -police -state -of -monsanto /. - Schlesinger, Stephen, and Stephen Kinzer. Bitter Fruit: The Untold Story of the American Coup in Guatemala. New York: Anchor, 1982.
- Schlosser, Eric. Fast Food Nation. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2001.
- Schnell, Steven M. “Food Miles, Local Eating, and Community Supported Agriculture: Putting Local Food in Its Place.” Agriculture and Human Values 30, no. 4 (2014): 615–28. https://
doi .org /10 .1007 /s10460 -013 -9436 -8. - Schools for Chiapas. “GMO-Free Zapatista Corn.” Accessed March 15, 2023. https://
schoolsforchiapas .org /store /coffee -corn -and -agricultural /gmo -free -zapatista -seed -corn /. - Schulte, Brigid. Overwhelmed: Work, Love, and Play When No One Has the Time. New York: Sarah Crichton, 2014.
- Schultz, Colin. “Where Will Japan Get Wheat Now that It’s Rejecting America’s GMO-Tainted Crops?” Smithsonian Magazine, May 31, 2013. https://
www .smithsonianmag .com /smart -news /where -will -japan -get -wheat -now -that -its -rejecting -americas -gmo -tainted -crops -87246219 /. - Schwartz, Jon. “You Can’t Read the TPP and You Can’t Find Out Who in Congress Has.” The Intercept, June 13, 2015. https://
theintercept .com /2015 /06 /13 /cant -read -tpp -cant -find -congress /. - Schwartz, Norman B. “Pobreza Planeada o Accidente Histórico? La Lógica Capitalista, Los Asentamientos Fronterizos y Las Condiciones Rurales en Petén.” Paper presented at Encuentro Internacional Sobre Desarrollo Sostenible de Petén: Los Retos de la Economía Rural 2 (November 29–December 1, 2001).
- Schwartz, Norman B., and Amilcar Rolando Corzo M. “Swidden Counts: A Petén, Guatemala, Milpa System, Production, Carrying Capacity, and Sustainability in the Southern Maya Lowlands.” Journal of Anthropological Research 71, no. 1 (2015): 69–93.
- Scott, James C. The Art of NOT Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2009.
- ———. The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1976.
- ———. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1998.
- ———. Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1985.
- Sealing, Keith. “Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Farmers: NAFTA’s Threat to Mexican Teosinte Farmers and What Can Be Done about It.” American University International Law Review 18, no. 6 (2003): 1383–98.
- Seay-Fleming, Carrie. “‘Biotechnologizing’ or ‘Democratizing’? Unraveling the Diversity of Resistance to GMOs in Guatemala.” Canadian Food Studies 9, no. 2 (2022): 125–46. https://
doi .org /10 .15353 /cfs -rcea .v9i2 .528. - ———. “Contested Imaginaries of Biotechnology Governance in Guatemala.” Professional Geographer 755, no. 2 (2023): 316–23. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /00330124 .2021 .2004901. - “Seed Saving: Monsanto’s Achilles’ Heel.” Utne Reader, January–February 2013, 18.
- SENACYT (Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología). Comisión Técnica Intersectorial de Biotecnologia. Accessed October 20, 2022. https://
comisiones .senacyt .gob .gt /portal /attachtments /documentos _2021 /Plan%20Biotecnolog%C3%ADa%2021 .pdf. - Seralini, Gilles-Éric, and Jérôme Douzelet. The Monsanto Papers: Corruption of Science and Grievous Harm to Public Health. New York: Skyhorse with Children’s Health Defense, 2020.
- Shapiro, Howard Yana. Gardening for the Future of the Earth. New York: Bantam, 1999.
- Shapiro, Robert. “Democracy Now! Interviews Monsanto CEO Roberto Shapiro.” In Democracy Now! Interview by Amy Goodman, January 18, 2000. https://
www .democracynow .org /2000 /1 /18 /democracy _now _interviews _monsanto _ceo _robert. - Shattuck, Annie. “Generic, Growing, Green? The Changing Political Economy of the Global Pesticide Complex.” Journal of Peasant Studies 48, no. 2 (2021): 231–53. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /03066150 .2020 .1839053. - Shattuck, Annie, Christina Schiavoni, and Zoe VanGelder. “Translating the Politics of Food Sovereignty: Digging into Contradictions, Uncovering New Dimensions.” Globalizations 12, no. 4 (2015): 421–33. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /14747731 .2015 .1041243 ?needAccess =true. - Shaw, Amanda, and Kalpana Wilson. “The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the Necro-Populationism of ‘Climate-Smart’ Agriculture.” Gender, Place & Culture 27, no. 3 (2020): 370–93.
- Sherman, William L. “A Conqueror’s Wealth: Notes on the Estate of Don Pedro de Alvarado.” The Americas 26, no. 2 (1969): 199–213.
- Shiva, Vandana. “Pests, Pesticides, and Propaganda: The Story of Bt Cotton.” Medium, October 10, 2015. https://
medium .com /@drvandanashiva /pests -pesticides -and -propaganda -the -story -of -bt -cotton -7db79b31cda8. - ———. The Violence of the Green Revolution: Third World Agriculture, Ecology and Politics. Penang, Malaysia: Third World Network, 1991.
- Shiva, Vandana, Debbie Barker, and Caroline Lockhart. “The GMO Emperor Has No Clothes.” Navdanya International, October 22, 2011. https://
navdanyainternational .org /wp -content /uploads /2019 /01 /Synthesis _Report _Rapporto _sintesi .pdf. - Shostak, Sara. “Food and Inequality.” Annual Review of Sociology 49, no. 1 (2023): 359–78. https://
doi .org /10 .1146 /annurev -soc -031021 -112747. - Sigüenza Ramírez, Pablo. “Agroecología en Guatemala: Un Hermoso y Contundente Elemento de Resistencia.” In Pensar Guatemala desde la Resistencia: El Neoliberalism Enfrentado, edited by Prensa Comunitaria, 229–55. Guatemala: F&G Editores, 2018.
- ———. “El Sector Público Agrícola y Su Apoyo a La Producción de Granos Básicos en Guatemala: Una Mirada Retrospectiva.” In Nuestro Maíz, Nuestro Futuro: Estudios para la Reactivación de la Producción Nacional de Maíz en Guatemala, edited by Pablo Sigüenza Ramírez, 96–134. Guatemala: Instituto de Estudios Agrarios y Rurales, IDEAR/CONGCOOP, 2010.
- ———. “Ley Monsanto, Una Ventana Para Privatizar Las Semillas.” Prensa Comunitaria, September 28, 2023. https://
prensacomunitaria .org /2023 /09 /ley -monsanto -una -ventana -para -privatizar -las -semillas /. - Simmons, Erica S. Meaningful Resistance: Market Reforms and the Roots of Social Protests in Latin America, 146–90. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2016.
- Simon, Joel. Endangered Mexico: An Environment on the Edge. San Francisco: Sierra Club, 1997.
- Singh, Java. “The Little Grain That Could: Nomadic Incursions of Amaranth in Hegemonic Territories.” In Posthumanist Nomadisms across Non-Oedipal Spatiality, edited by Java Singh and Indrani Mukherjee, 25–45. Wilmington, DE: Vernon, 2021.
- Smith, J. Stephen, Walter Trevisan, Alan McCunn, and Wallace E. Huffman. “Global Dependence on Corn Belt Dent Maize Germplasm: Challenges and Opportunities.” Crop Science 62, no. 6 (2022): 2039–66. https://
doi .org /10 .1002 /csc2 .20802. - Smythe, Donald J. “The Rise of the Corporation, the Birth of Public Relations, and the Foundations of Modern Political Economy.” Washburn Law Journal 50, no. 3 (2011): 635–84.
- Solano, Luis. Contextualización Histórica de la Franja Transversal del Norte, FTN. Guatemala City: Centro de Estudios y Documentación de la Frontera Occidental de Guatemala, 2012.
- ———. Guatemala: Petróleo y Minería en las Entrañas del Poder. Guatemala City: Inforpress Centroamericana, 2005.
- ———. “Reconversión Productiva y Agrocombustibles: La Nueva Acumulación Capitalista en el Agro Guatemalteco.” El Observador: Análisis Alternativo Sobre Política y Economía 3, no. 14 (2008): 31–61.
- Soleri, Daniela, and David A. Cleveland. “Farmers’ Genetic Perceptions Regarding Their Crop Populations: An Example with Maize in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico.” Economic Botany 55, no. 1 (2001): 106–28.
- Soleri, Daniela, David A. Cleveland, and Flavio Aragón Cuevas. “Transgenic Crops and Crop Varietal Diversity: The Case of Maize in Mexico.” BioScience 56, no. 6 (2006): 503–13.
- Soleri, Daniela, David A. Cleveland, Flavio Aragón Cuevas, Mario R. Fuentes L., Humberto Ríos L., and Stuart H. Sweeney. “Understanding the Potential Impact of Transgenic Crops in Traditional Agriculture: Maize Farmers’ Perspectives in Cuba, Guatemala and Mexico.” Environmental Biosafety Research 4 (2005): 141–66.
- Solnit, Rebecca. Hope in the Dark: Untold Histories, Wild Possibilities. Chicago: Haymarket, 2016.
- Soto Laveaga, Gabriela. “The Socialist Origins of the Green Revolution: Pandurang Khankhoje and Domestic ‘Technical Assistance.’” History and Technology 36, no. 3–4 (2020): 337–59.
- Specter, Michael. “Seeds of Doubt.” New Yorker, August 18, 2014. https://
www .newyorker .com /magazine /2014 /08 /25 /seeds -of -doubt. - Spiegel, Bill. “Changing Face of Wheat.” Successful Farming, January 8, 2000. https://
www .agriculture .com /crops /wheat /changing -face -of -wheat. - Squibb, Robert L., J. Edgar Braham, Guillermo Arroyave, and Nevin S. Scrimshaw. “A Comparison of the Effect of Raw Corn and Tortillas (Lime-Treated Corn) with Niacin, Tryptophan or Beans on the Growth and Muscle Niacin of Rats.” Journal of Nutrition 67, no. 3 (1959): 351–61.
- Stadelman, Raymon. “Maize Cultivation in Northwestern Guatemala.” In Contributions to American Anthropology and History 33 (1940): 129–263.
- Stalcup, Larry. “CAFTA Becomes Law.” Corn and Soybean Digest 65, no. 9 (2005): 12–14. https://
www .proquest .com /docview /215255104 ?pq -origsite =primo. - Steinberg, Michael K., and Matthew Taylor. “The Impact of Political Turmoil on Maize Culture and Diversity in Highland Guatemala.” Mountain Research and Development 22, no. 4 (2002): 344–51.
- Steingraber, Sandra. Raising Elijah: Protecting Our Children in an Age of Environmental Crisis. Philadelphia: Da Capo, 2011.
- Stempel, Jonathan. “Bayer Reaches $6.9 Million Settlement with New York over Roundup Safety Claims.” Reuters, accessed October 24, 2023. https://
www .reuters .com /legal /government /bayer -reaches -69 -mln -settlement -with -new -york -over -roundup -safety -claims -2023 -06 -15 /. - Stone, Glenn. “Agricultural Deskilling and the Spread of Genetically Modified Cotton in Warangal.” Current Anthropology 48, no. 1 (2007): 67–103.
- ———. The Agricultural Dilemma: How Not to Feed the World. New York: Routledge, 2022.
- ———. “Both Sides Now: Fallacies in the Genetic-Modification Wars, Implications for Developing Countries, and Anthropological Perspectives.” Current Anthropology 43, no. 4 (2002): 611–30.
- ———. “Dreading CRISPR: GMOs, Honest Brokers, and Mertonian Transgressions.” Geographical Review 107, no. 4 (2017): 584–91. https://
doi .org /10 .1111 /gere .12260. - Strochlic, Nina. “An Unlikely Feud between Beekeepers and Mennonites Simmers in Mexico.” National Geographic, April 12, 2009. https://
www .nationalgeographic .com /environment /2019 /04 /unlikely -feud -beekeepers -mennonites -simmers -mexico /. - Strömberg, Amos, and Phil Howard. “Recent Changes in the Global Seed Industry and Digital Agriculture Industries.” Accessed February 5, 2023. https://
philhoward .net /2023 /01 /04 /seed -digital /. - Stross, Brian. “Maize in Word and Image in Southeastern Mesoamerica.” In Histories of Maize: Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Prehistory, Linguistics, Biogeography, Domestication, and Evolution of Maize, edited by John E. Staller, Robert H. Tykot, and Bruce F. Benz, 578–99. New York: Elsevier, 2006.
- Sumpter, Bethany. “The Growing Monopoly in the Corn Seed Industry: Is It Time for Government to Interfere?” Texas A&M Law Review 8, no. 3 (2021): 633–59.
- Suppan, Steve. Analysis of the Central American Trade Agreement (CAFTA) Concerning Agriculture. Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, April 22, 2004. https://www.iatp.org/sites/default/files/2019-08/Analysis%20CAFTA%20Concerning%20Agriculture_0.pdf.
- ———. “Food Safety and GMOs in the ‘New NAFTA.’” Institute for Agricultuxre and Trade Policy, October 17, 2018. https://
www .iatp .org /documents /food -safety -and -gmos -new -nafta. - ———. “Mexican Corn, NAFTA, and Hunger.” Washington, DC: Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, May 15, 1996. https://
www .iatp .org /documents /mexican -corn -nafta -and -hunger -may -1996 -fact -sheet -3. - Suryanarayanan, Sainath, and Katarzyna Beilin. “Milpa-Melipona-Maya: Mayan Interspecies Alliances Facing Agribiotechnology in Yucatán.” ACME: An International Journal for Critical Geographies 19, no. 2 (2020): 469–500.
- Swanson, Krista. “Mexico: An Important Trade Destination for US Corn.” National Corn Growers Association, accessed August 10, 2023. https://
ncga .com /stay -informed /media /the -corn -economy /article /2023 /07 /mexico -an -important -trade -destination -for -u -s -corn. - Szasz, Andrew. Shopping Our Way to Safety: How We Changed from Protecting the Environment to Protecting Ourselves. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2009.
- Tamariz, Gabriel. “GM Crops vs. Apiculture: An Ecological Distribution Conflict in the Mayan Region of Mexico.” Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, ICTA, Autonomous University of Barcelona, accessed March 6, 2023. https://
www .academia .edu /5331865 /GM _crops _vs _Apiculture _An _ecological _distribution _conflict _in _Mayan _Mexico. - Taussig, Michael. “The Genesis of Capitalism amongst a South American Peasantry: Devil’s Labor and the Baptism Money.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 18 (1977): 130–55.
- Tay, Karla. Grain and Feed Annual. Guatemala City: USDA FAS, GT2021-0012, 2021.
- ———. Guatemala: Agricultural Biotechnology Annual. Guatemala City: USDA FAS, GT9008, 2009.
- ———. Guatemala: Agricultural Biotechnology Annual. Guatemala City: USDA FAS, GT17007, 2017.
- ———. Guatemala: Agricultural Biotechnology Annual. Guatemala City: USDA FAS, GT1810, 2018.
- ———. Guatemala: Agricultural Biotechnology Annual. Guatemala City: USDA FAS, GT2020-0020, 2020.
- ———. Guatemala: Agricultural Biotechnology Annual. Guatemala City: USDA FAS, GT2021-0012, 2021.
- ———. Guatemala: Biotechnology GE Plants and Animals. Guatemala City: USDA FAS, GT1009, 2010.
- ———. Guatemala’s Corn Sector Struggles with Contraband and Low Prices. Guatemala City: USDA FAS, GT19007, 2019.
- Taylor, Diana. ¡Presente! The Politics of Presence. Chapel Hill, NC: Duke University Press, 2020.
- Thomison, Peter, and Allen Geyer. Managing “Pollen Drift” to Minimize Contamination of Non-GMO Corn. Ohio State University Extension Service, AGF-153, March 15, 2016. https://
ohioline .osu .edu /factsheet /agf -153. - Thompson, E. P. “The Moral Economy of the English Crowd in the Eighteenth Century.” Past and Present 50 (1971): 76–136.
- Thompson, J. Eric S. “Maya Creation Myths.” Estudios de Cultura Maya 6 (1067): 15–48.
- Toledo, Victor M. “Los Biotecnólogos y el Mito del Científico Objetivo.” Biodiversidad LA (blog), April 8, 2005. Reprinted from La Jornada, April 7, 2005. https://
www .biodiversidadla .org /Principal /Prensa /Los _biotecnologos _y _el _mito _del _cientifico _objetivo. - Tomson, Bill. “Mexico Embeds GM Corn Ban in Food Regulations as USMCA Dispute Intensifies.” Agri-Pulse, August 30, 2023. https://
www .agri -pulse .com /articles /19875 -mexico -embeds -gm -corn -ban -in -food -regs -as -usmca -dispute -intensifies. - Torres-Mazuera, Gabriela, and Naayeli Ramírez-Espinosa. “How a Legal Fight Against Monsanto Became an Indigenous Self-Determination Claim in Mexico.” Journal of Human Rights Practice 14, no. 1 (2022): 1–20. https://
doi .org /https: / /doi .org /10 .1093 /jhuman /huab033. - Trauger, Amy. We Want Land to Live: Making Political Space for Food Sovereignty. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2017.
- Turrent Fernández, Antonio, and Alejandro Espinosa Calderón. 2022. “Fijáción Biológica de Nitrógeno Atmosférico por La Raza Nativa de Maíz Olotón de la Sierra Mixe, Oaxaca.” Del Campo, March 19, 2022. https://
www .jornada .com .mx /2022 /03 /19 /delcampo /articulos /fijacion -nitrogeno -atmosferico .html. - Tweedale, Geoffrey. “Hero or Villain? Sir Richard Doll and Occupational Cancer.” International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health 13, no. 2 (2007): 233–35. https://
doi .org /10 .1179 /oeh .2007 .13 .2 .233. - UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development). “Wake Up Before It Is Too Late: Make Agriculture Truly Sustainable Now for Food Security in a Changing Climate.” September 18, 2013. https://
unctad .org /system /files /official -document /ditcted2012d3 _en .pdf. - UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme). Development of Mechanisms to Strengthen the Implementation of the Cartagena Protocol in Guatemala. GFL 3630. Guatemala City: UNEP, 2010.
- UNEP/GEF (United Nations Environment Programme/Global Environmental Facility). Strengthening and Expansion of Capacities in Biosafety that Lead to a Full Implementation of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety. GEF Project 9633, GFL-11207-14AC0003-SB-007446. Accessed September 27, 2022. https://
open .unep .org /project /GEF -9633. - Union of Concerned Scientists. “Counting on Agroecology: Why We Should Invest More in the Transition to Sustainable Agriculture.” November 5, 2015. https://
www .ucsusa .org /resources /counting -agroecology. - United Mexican States. “Mexico: Measures Concerning Genetically Engineered Corn.” MEX-USA-2023-31-01, public version filed with MEX section USMCA Secretariat, January 15, 2024. https://
www .iatp .org /documents /initial -written -submission -mexican -government. - United States of America. “Mexico: Measures Concerning Genetically Engineered Corn.” MX-USA-2023-31-01, public version filed with MEX section USMCA Secretariat, October 23, 2023. https://
www .iatp .org /documents /initial -written -submission -us -mexicos -measures -concerning -gm -corn. - Upholt, Boyce. “A Killing Season.” New Republic, December 10, 2018. https://
newrepublic .com /article /152304 /murder -monsanto -chemical -herbicide -arkansas. - Ureta, Carolina, Edgar J. González, Alma Piñeyro-Nelson, Stephane Couturier, Emmanuel González-Ortega, and Elena R. Álvarez-Buylla. “A Data Mining Approach Gives Insights of Causes Related to the Ongoing Transgene Presence in Mexican Native Maize Populations.” Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 47, no. 2 (2023): 188–211. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /21683565 .2022. - USDA (US Department of Agriculture). “Factsheet: USDA Coexistence Fact Sheets.” Washington, DC: USDA, February 2015. https://
www .usda .gov /sites /default /files /documents /coexistence -corn -factsheet .pdf. - ———. “McKinney on Trade Mission in Guatemala.” Accessed November 19, 2021. https://
www .farmprogress .com /usda /mckinney -trade -mission -guatemala. - ———. “Statement by Secretary Vilsack Regarding USMCA Consultation Request with Mexico.” March 6, 2023. https://
fas .usda .gov /newsroom /statement -secretary -vilsack -regarding -usmca -consultation -request -mexico. - USDA FAS (US Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service). “Cochran Fellowship Program.” Accessed August 2, 2011. http://
www .fas .usda .gov /icd /cochran /cochran .asp. - ———. “Corn 2020 Export Highlights.” Accessed November 11, 2021. https://
www .fas .usda .gov /corn -2020 -export -highlights. - ———. “USDA Borlaug Fellowship Program in Guatemala.” Accessed August 2, 2010. http://
www .fas .usda .gov /icd /borlaug /About _the _Fellowship /Current%20Announcements /Guatemala .pdf. - ———. “US Exports of Corn-Based Products Continue to Climb.” January 21, 2015. https://
www .fas .usda .gov /data /us -exports -corn -based -products -continue -climb. - US Department of State. Cable, February 13, 2003. https://
wikileaks .org /plusd /cables /03GUATEMALA403 _a .html. - ———. Cable, November 22, 2005. https://
wikileaks .org /plusd /cables /05GUATEMALA2656 _a .html. - ———. Cable, January 11, 2006. https://
wikileaks .org /plusd /cables /06GUATEMALA49 _a .html. - ———. Cable, March 13, 2006. https://
wikileaks .org /plusd /cables /06GUATEMALA502 _a .html. - ———. Cable, August 1, 2007. https://
wikileaks .org /plusd /cables /07SANSALVADOR1484 _a .html. - US FDA (Food & Drug Administration). “GMO Crops, Animal Food, and Beyond.” Accessed June 1, 2024. https://
www .fda .gov /food /agricultural -biotechnology /gmo -crops -animal -food -and -beyond. - USTR (US Trade Representative). North American Free Trade Agreement, accessed November 24, 2021. https://
ustr .gov /about -us /policy -offices /press -office /ustr -archives /north -american -free -trade -agreement -nafta. - ———. Request for Comments on Negotiating Objective Regarding Modernization of the North American Free Trade Agreement with Canada and Mexico. Washington, DC, June 27, 2017. https://
www .federalregister .gov /documents /2017 /05 /23 /2017 -10603 /request -for -comments -on -negotiating -objectives -regarding -modernization -of -the -north -american -free. - van Akkeren, Ruud W. “Authors of the Popol Wuj.” Ancient Mesoamerica 14, no. 2 (2003): 237–56.
- van den Akker, Paul. “Madre Milpa, Modified Maize and More.” In Heritage and Rights of Indigenous Peoples, edited by Manuel May Castillo and Amy Strecker, 137–47. Leiden, Netherlands: Leiden University Press, 2017.
- van den Bosch, Robert. The Pesticide Conspiracy. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1978.
- Vandermeer, John, and Ivette Perfecto. Breakfast of Biodiversity: The Truth about Rain Forest Destruction. Oakland, CA: Food First, 1995.
- Van Deynze, Allen, Pablo Zamora, Pierre-Marc Delaux, Cristobal Heitmann, Dhileepkumar Jayaraman, Shanmugam Rajasekar, Danielle Graham, et al. “Nitrogen Fixation in a Landrace of Maize Is Supported by a Mucilage-Associated Diazotrophic Microbiota.” PLoS Biol 16, no. 8 (2018): loc. e2006352. https://
doi .org /10 .1371 /journal .pbi0 .2006352. - van Etten, Jacob. “Molding Maize: The Shaping of a Crop Diversity Landscape in the Western Highlands of Guatemala.” Journal of Historical Geography 32 (2006): 689–711.
- van Etten, Jacob, and Sytze de Bruin. “Regional and Local Maize Seed Exchange and Replacement in the Western Highlands of Guatemala.” Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 5, no. 2 (2007): 57–70.
- Varese, Stefano. “Think Globally, Act Locally.” Report on the Americas 25, no. 3 (December 1991): 13–17.
- Vargas-Parada, Laura. “GM Maize Splits Mexico.” Nature 511 (2014): 16–17.
- Vasquez, Edith. “Guatemala: Exporter Guide.” USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, GT1715, December 21, 2018. https://
apps .fas .usda .gov /newgainapi /api /report /downloadreportbyfilename ?filename =Exporter%20Guide _Guatemala%20City _Guatemala _12 -21 -2017 .pdf. - Via Campesina. “It’s Time to Globalize Solidarity, Localize Agriculture.” Press release, September 4, 2020. https://
viacampesina .org /en /its -time -to -transform -its -time -to -globalize -solidarity -localize -agriculture /. - ———. Nyéléni Newsletter. June 2022. https://
nyeleni .org /DOWNLOADS /newsletters /Nyeleni _Newsletter _Num _48 _EN .pdf. - Villagrán, Ximena. “Lo Que Debes Saber Sobre el Decreto 19- 2014, Llamado ‘Ley Monsanto.’” Soy502, August 25, 2014. http://
www .soy502 .com /articulo /lo -debes -saber -sobre -ley -monsanto -no -monsanto. - Vizenor, Gerald, ed. Survivance: Narratives of Native Presence. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2008.
- Wade, Lizzie. “Mexico’s New Science Minister Is a Plant Biologist Who Opposes Transgenic Crops.” Science, October 4, 2018. https://
www .science .org /content /article /mexico -s -new -science -minister -plant -biologist -who -opposes -transgenic -crops. - Wainwright, Joel, and Kristin Mercer. “The Dilemma of Decontamination: A Gramscian Analysis of the Mexican Transgenic Maize Dispute.” Geoforum 40 (2007): 345–54.
- Wang, Li, Timothy M. Beissinger, Anne Lorant, Claudia Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra, and Matthew B. Hufford. “The Interplay of Demography and Selection during Maize Domestication and Expansion.” Genome Biology 18, no. 1 (2017): 215.
- Wang, Wei, Yucheng Ma, Jiawei Chen, Liao Peng, Xiaoshuai Gao, Lede Lin, Fuxun Zhang, Yang Xiong, Feng Qin, and Jiuhong Yuan. “The Association between 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid and Erectile Dysfunction.” Frontiers in Public Health 10 (2022): art. 910251, 1–7. https://
doi .org /10 .3389 /fpubh .2022 .910251. - Warman, Arturo. Corn and Capitalism: How a Botanical Bastard Grew to Global Dominance. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
- Watts, Michael. Silent Violence: Food, Famine and Peasantry in Northern Nigeria. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.
- Weatherford, Jack. Indian Givers: How Native Americans Transformed the World. New York: Three Rivers, 1988.
- Weed Science Society of America. “Common Dandelion—The Lion’s Tooth.” Accessed November 10, 2002. https://
wssa .net /wp -content /themes /WSSA /WorldOfWeeds /dandelion .html. - Weg, Arielle. “No More GMO: ‘Bioengineered’ Is the New Term Being Used for USDA Food Labels.” Prevention magazine, January 7, 2022. https://
www .prevention .com /food -nutrition /a38696644 /usda -bioengineered -food -label -gmo /. - Weir, David, and Mark Schapiro. Circle of Poison: Pesticides and People in a Hungry World. Oakland, CA: Food First, 1981.
- Wellen, Brianna. “Looking for Love at the Farmers Market.” The Takeout, September 26, 2022. https://
thetakeout .com /looking -for -love -at -the -farmers -market -1849581991. - Weller, Nathan. “Farmer Cooperatives, Not Monsanto, Supply El Salvador with Seeds.” Truthout, March 3, 2015. http://
truth -out .org /news /item /29419 -farmer -cooperatives -not -monsanto -supply -el -salvador -with -seeds ?tmpl =component&print =1. - Wellhausen, E. J., Alejandro Fuentes O., Antonio Hernández Corzo, and Paul C. Mangelsdorf. Races of Maize in Central America. Publication 511. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences and the National Research Council, 1957.
- Werner, Marion, Annie Shattuck, and Ryan Galt. “While Debate Rages over Glyphosate-Based Herbicides, Farmers Are Spraying Them All over the World.” The Conversation, July 3, 2021. https://
theconversation .com /while -debate -rages -over -glyphosate -based -herbicides -farmers -are -spraying -them -all -over -the -world -161156. - White, Richard. The Organic Machine: The Remaking of the Columbia River. New York: Hill and Wang, 1995.
- White, Rowen. “Planting Sacred Seeds in a Modern World: Restoring Indigenous Seed Sovereignty.” In Indigenous Food Sovereignty in the United States: Restoring Cultural Knowledge, Protecting Environments, and Regaining Health, edited by Devon Mihesuah and Elizabeth Hoover, 186–97. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2019.
- White & Case LLP. “The Presidential Decree.” Accessed October 21, 2023. https://
www .whitecase .com /insight -alert /united -states -request -usmca -panel -against -mexicos -measures -genetically -modified -corn. - Whyte, Kyle Powys. “Food Justice and Collective Food Relations.” In Food, Ethics, and Society, edited by Anne Barnhill, Mark Budolfson, and Tyler Doggett, 122–34. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016.
- ———. “Food Sovereignty, Justice and Indigenous Peoples: An Essay on Settler Colonialism and Collective Continuance.” In Oxford Handbook on Food Ethics, edited by A. Barnhill, T. Doggett, and A. Egan, 345–66. New York: Oxford University Press, 2017.
- ———. “Indigenous Food Sovereignty, Renewal and Settler Colonialism.” In The Routledge Handbook of Food Ethics, edited by Mary Rawlinson and Caleb Ward, 354–65. London: Routledge, 2016.
- Wilkes, G. “A Modest Proposal for Teosinte Evolution and Conservation In Situ.” Maydica 52 (2007): 49–58.
- Wilkes, H. Garrison. “Efraim Hernández Xolocotzi-Guzman.” Economic Botany 45, no. 2 (1991): 301–2.
- Wingert, Stephen. Feed the Future Initiative, Achieving Food Security in Guatemala: Opportunities and Challenges. USAID Trade Competitiveness Assistance Program. Cambridge, MA: Abt Associates, 2010.
- Winkler, Adam. “‘Corporations Are People’ Is Built on an Incredible 19th-Century Lie.” The Atlantic, March 5, 2018. https://
www .theatlantic .com /business /archive /2018 /03 /corporations -people -adam -winkler /554852 /. - Winkler, Katja, and Rovoham Monzón. “El Potencial de Tierras para la Producción Autosuficiente de Maíz en Guatemala.” In Nuestro Maíz, Nuestro Futuro: Estudios para la Reactivación de la Producción Nacional de Maíz en Guatemala, edited by Pablo Sigüenza and CONGCOOP, 14–63. Guatemala City: Instituto de Estudios Agrarios y Rurales, IDEAR, 2010.
- Wise, Timothy. “Distorting Markets in the Name of Free Trade.” Institute for Agriculture & Trade Policy, December 20, 2022. https://
www .iatp .org /distorting -markets -name -free -trade. - ———. Eating Tomorrow: Agribusiness, Family Farmers, and the Battle for the Future of Food. New York: New Press, 2019.
- ———. “High Risks, Few Rewards for Mexico with Monsanto’s Maize.” Al Jazeera, May 27, 2014. https://
www .aljazeera .com /opinions /2014 /5 /27 /high -risks -few -rewards -for -mexico -with -monsantos -maize. - ———. “Mexico to Ban Glyphosate, GM Corn Presidential Decree Comes Despite Intense Pressure from Industry, U.S. Authorities.” InterPress Service, February 24, 2021. http://
www .ipsnews .net /2021 /02 /mexico -ban -glyphosate -gm -corn -presidential -decree -comes -despite -intense -pressure -industry -u -s -authorities /. - ———. “Stop Cheapening Mexico’s White and Native Corn.” Institute for Agricultural and Trade Policy (blog), September 28, 2023. https://
www .iatp .org /stop -cheapening -mexicos -white -native -corn. - ———. “Swimming against the Tide: Mexico’s Quest for Food Sovereignty in the Face of US Agricultural Dumping.” Washington, DC: Institute for Agriculture & Trade Policy, 2023. https
/www .iatp .org /sites /default /files /2023 -06 /swimmingagainsttide .3 .pdf. - ———. “Worlds Collide on Science of Public Health.” Washington, DC: Institute for Agriculture & Trade Policy, June 20, 2023. https://
www .iatp .org /worlds -collide -science -public -health. - Witness for Peace. “Fact Sheet: NAFTA at Fifteen, Impacts on Mexico.” August 29, 2009. https://
wfpsw .org /2009 /08 /29 /witness -for -peace -mexico -fact -sheet -nafta -at -fifteen -impacts -on -mexico /amp /. - Wittman, Hannah, Annette Aurélie Desmarais, and Nettie Wiebe, eds. Food Sovereignty: Reconnecting Food, Nature, and Community. Oakland, CA: Food First, 2010.
- Wolf, Eric R. Peasants. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1966.
- ———. Sons of the Shaking Earth. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1959.
- Woodfill, Brent K. S. War in the Land of True Peace: The Fight for Maya Sacred Places. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2019.
- World Trade Institute. “Dr. Christian Häberli.” Accessed May 30, 2024. https://
www .wti .org /institute /people /44 /haberli -christian /. - Wright, Angus. The Death of Ramón González: The Modern Agricultural Dilemma. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1990.
- Yang, Ning, Yuebin Wang, Xiangguo Liu, Minliang Jin, Miguel Vallebueno-Estrada, Erin Calfee, LuChen, et al. “Two Teosintes Made Modern Maize.” Science 382, no. 6674 (December 1, 2023). https://
doi .org /10 .1126 /science .adg8940. - Yates, Pamela, dir. Granito: How to Nail a Dictator. Skylight Pictures, 2011. 103 minutes.
- Ybarra, Megan, Oscar Obando Samos, Liza Grandia, and Norman B. Schwartz. Tierra, Migración y Vida en Petén: 1999–2009. Guatemala City: CONCGOOP/IDEAR, 2012.
- Yes Men. “Dow Chemical Just Says ‘Yes’ to Bhopal.” In Network Art: Practices and Positions, edited by Tom Corby, 173–83. New York: Routledge, 2006.
- Yong, Ed. “The Wonder Plant that Could Slash Fertilizer Use.” The Atlantic, August 9, 2018. https://
www .theatlantic .com /science /archive /2018 /08 /amaizeballs /567140 /. - Young, Alvin L. The History of the US Department of Defense Programs for the Testing, Evaluation, and Storage of Tactical Herbicides. Arlington, VA: Office of the Under Secretary of Defense William Van Houten, 2006.
- Young, Katherine E. “Adorno, Gastronomic Authenticity, and the Politics of Eating Well.” New Political Science 36, no. 3 (2014): 387–405. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /07393148 .2014 .924248. - Zacune, Josepth. Combatting Monsanto: Grassroots Resistance to the Corporate Power of Agribusiness in the Era of the “Green Economy” and a Changing Climate. Montevideo, Uruguay: La Via Campesina, Friends of the Earth International, and Combat Monsanto, 2012. https://
viacampesina .org /en /wp -content /uploads /sites /2 /2012 /04 /Monsanto -Publication -EN -Final -Version .pdf. - Zahniser, Steven, Nicolás Fernando López López, Mesbah Motamed, Zully Yazmin Silva Vargas, and Tom Capehart. The Growing Corn Economies of Mexico and the United States. FDS-19F-01. Washington, DC: USDA, 2019.
- Zarembo, Alan. “The Tale of the Mystery Corn in Mexico’s Hills.” Newsweek, January 28, 2002.
- Zhang, Qiaozhi, Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia, Diego Luna-Vital, Tianyi Tao, Subhiksha Chandrasekaran, Laura Chatham, John Juvik, Vijay Singh, and Deepak Kumar. “Relationship of Phenolic Composition of Selected Purple Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes with Their Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Adipogenic, and Anti-Diabetic Potential.” Food Chemistry 289 (2019): 739–50. https://
doi .org /10 .1016 /j .foodchem .2019 .03 .116.