Index
The index that appeared in the print version of this title was intentionally removed from the eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below
Aba Autonomous Prefecture
Aba County (Rnga-ba-rdzong), and monasticism
Afghanistan
U.S. presence in
African Americans
Agya Rinpoche
Akha (Hani)
and lack of written script
Akhu Dorlo
Akto County
Amban (Imperial Commissioner)
Amdo
American Indians
Amnesty International
Anglo-Russian Agreement
Anglo-Tibetan Convention
Anhui Province
Aqsu
Arabic script
Arabs and Arabic
Aral Sea
Arjia Lobsang Thubten
Aryadesha
Asia Watch
Atlas Mountains
Azeri-Armenian wars
Baatar
Bachman, David
Bangladesh
Banqiao Sufis
Baoliudi (“reservation”)
Baotou
Baren incident
Barkham
Batubagan
Bayanbuur
Bayanchuluu
Bayin
Bayinguoleng
Beijing
policy of in Tibet
Beimen
Bhutan
Biligbaatar
Bilingual education
Biyao
Blang
Boroldui
Boshi (doctorate)
Bovingdon, Gardner
Boxer Indemnity
Brown, Winthrop, U.S. Ambassador to India
Buddhism
revival of in Sipsong Panna
Tibetan
Buhe (Ulanhu’s son)
Bulag, Uradyn
Bulang
Burhan Shāhidi
Burma
Chinese migration into
relations of with Tai
Bush, George H. W., administration of
Bush, George W., administration of
Cashmere trade
Catholics in China
Caucasus
Central Asia
Chinese investment in
and independence from U.S.S.R.
Central Ethnic Affairs Commission (Minwei)
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), in Tibet
Chadrel Rinpoche, detention of
Chahar Province
Chengbao (“privately owned shops”)
Chengdu
Chiang Kai-shek
Chibuliao zhei yang de ku (“eat bitterness”)
Chinese Buddhist Association
Chinese Communist Party (CCP): and Chinese Communists
early policy of toward Inner Mongolia
hard line policy of in Tibet
minzu policy of
policy of in Xinjiang
and Tibetan Buddhism
Chinese Islamic Association (Yixie)
Chinggis Khan
mausoleum
Chölka sum (“three provinces)
Chongqing
Christianity
Chu Bo
Churchill, Winston
Clinton, William Jefferson, administration of, and Tibet
Cold War
Comintern (Communist International)
and minorities
Communist minorities policy
in Southwest
in Tibet
in Xinjiang
Cotton cultivation (Xinjiang)
Cultural Revolution
and destruction of monasteries
in Sipsong Panna
in Tibet
in Xinjiang
in Yinchuan
Cyrillic script
Daghuor
Da hanzuzhuyi (“Han chauvinism”)
Dai minzu (Daizu)
Dalad banner
Dalai Lama
awarding of Nobel Peace Price to
Chinese attacks on
and compromise settlement
desire of for autonomy
flight of to India
negotiating position of
visit of to U.S.
Dali
Da Muminggan banner
Dang jia zuo zhu (“masters of their own house”)
Daoists
Daqing
Darjeeling
Dazhai
Dechen Wangmo
Dehong
Dehqan bolmaq tas (“It’s hard to be a peasant”)
Demchugdongroba (Prince), and Japanese
Deng Nan (daughter of Deng Xiaoping)
Deng Xiaoping
and Tibet
Derge
Dharamsala
Dhargyay
Dhargyay Monastery
Di er dai (“second generation’)
Dignaga
Dobi Sherab Gyatso, and support of Chinese Communists
Drepung Monastery
Drug trade
Duguilong movement
Dulong
Durben Huhed banner
Du Wenxiu
Dzokchen Monastery
education in
Dzungaria
Eastern Mongolian Autonomous Government, founding of
Eastern Tibet
Eastern Turkistan Republic and movement
Education (Sipsong Panna)
Egypt
Eighth Route Army (Chinese Communists)
Ejen Horoo banner
Eleventh Party Congress
Emin County Autonomous District
Environmental problems (Southwest China)
Europe
Fan Changjiang, definition of Hui
Fan Han pai wai (“oppose the Chinese and reject outsiders”)
Fan Ming
Fatwa (“religious opinion”)
Fei Xiaotong
Feifa zuzhi (“illegal organization”)
Fengtian
Foreign relations, traditional
Forests and logging
Four Rivers, Six Ranges (Chu Bzhi Gangs Drug) guerrillas
Fox, Richard
Fujian Province
Gada Meijen
Ganden Monastery, riot at
Gang of Four
Gansu Province
Tibetans in
violence in
Ganze
Autonomous Prefecture
Ganze Monastery
Gelukpa Gomang College
Gelukpa sect
Gendun Choekyi Nyima, detention of
Geshe (academic degree)
Gillette, Maris Boyd
Gladney, Dru
Golden Triangle
Goldstein, Melvyn
Great Britain, and Tibet
Great Leap Forward
Great Mosque: Xi’an
Zhengzhou 21
Guangdong Province
Guangxi Province
Guisui. See Hohhot
Guizhou Province
Gu Jiegang, definition of Hui
Gulja
Guomingdang (Nationalist Party, KMT)
Gyalo Thondup (brother of Dalai Lama)
Hafenga
Hajj (“religious pilgrimage”)
Hamid Karzai
Han dynasty (206 B.C.E.—C.E. 220)
Hangzhou
Han Hui
Hani
Han migrants
Hansen, Mette
Hebei Province
Hebrew
Heilongjiang Province
Helan Mountains
Helms, Jesse
Henan Province
Herter, Christian (U.S. Secretary of State)
Higher Buddhist Studies Institute
Himalayas
Hingan Army
Hirsch, Francine, on Soviet nationality policy
Hohhot
early history of
Hong Kong
Hotan
Houtao
Hui
attitude of toward exhibits
as brokers
Chantou
and conflict with Mongols
and confrontations with Han
food and restaurants
Huibu
identity
localization (diquhua)
in Ningxia
occupations of
in Sanpo
and similarities to Han
in Xi’an
in Yinchuan
Huihui minzu
Huijiao
hukou (“household registration”)
Hulunbuir
Hunan Province
Hundred Flowers campaign
Hu Yaobang: purge of
trip of to Tibet
Ibrahim Mutte’i
Ili district
and splittist activities
India
Muslims in
Inner Mongolia
and Chinese Communist Party Working Committee
and Chinese crackdown
and Chinese migration
Chinese population of
decline of pastoralism in
economic development in
ethnic and tribal splits in
land reform and collectives in
and loss of autonomy
nationalism in
Organization Department (Zuzhibu) of
qualities of leadership in
and reduction of territory
Inner Mongolian Autonomous Government
early structure of
Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, founding of
Inner Mongolian People’s Congress
Inner Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party, founding of
Inner Mongolian Youth League
International Campaign for Tibet
International Committee of Lawyers for Tibet
International Human Rights Day
Islam
organization of
Islam magazine
Isma’il Āhmād
Israel
Jahriya Sufis
Jāmia (“mosque”)
Jamyang Drolma
Janabil
Jangiya Hutagt
Japan
in Manchuria
Jargal
Jebtsundamba Hutagt
Jews: compared with Mongols
French
Jiang Zemin
Jilin Province
Jinan
Jingdong
Jinghong
private businesses in
prostitution in
street survey in
tourism in
jinghua (“elite”)
Jingpeng
Jinuo
and lack of written script
Jirim League
Jo’uda League
Kagyüpa
Kailu
Kapstein, Matthew
Karamay
Karmapa Lama and sect
Kashgar
Kashgar Literature
Kashgar Youth Press
Kazakhs and Kazakhstan
oil in
Khalkha (Halh) Mongols
Kham
Khampa
Khenpo (“preceptor”)
Khenpo Jikphun
Khitans
Khrushchev, Nikita, and virgin lands
Khubilai Khan
Kirghiz and Kirghizstan
Kissinger, Henry (U.S. Secretary of State)
Kitab
Kizilsu (Kezilesu)
Koran
Korean War
Korla
Kuibi
Kumbun (Taer) monastery
Kumul
Kunming
Kuytun
Labrang (Labulangsi)
organization and studies
Lahu
Lancang
Lantos, Tom
Lanzhou
relations with Tai
Law on Regional National Autonomy
Lhagang Monastery
Lhasa
and Chinese immigration
uprising in
Liang ge libukai (“the two inseparables”)
Liangshan Prefecture
Liaobei Province
Liao dynasty (907–1115)
Liaoning Province
Lifanyuan
Li Ling
Liling
Lindong
Lintan Jiucheng
and lack of violence
Linxi
Linxia, trade and drug addiction in
Li Peng
Lipman, Jonathan
Liu Chun
Liu Mingzu
Liupan Mountains
Ljongs dang zhing chen lnga (“five autonomous regions and provinces”)
London
Long March
Lop Nor
Los Angeles
Lupei
Mädräsa (“theological school”)
Madsen, Richard
Mahayana Buddhism
Ma Jong
Malaysia
Ma Liangji
Ma Liangxun
Manchukuo
Manchus and Manchuria
Mao Yongfu
Mao Zedong
and Tibet
Ma Qixi
Marxist-Leninists
Matsumoto Matsui, and views on minzu
McMillen, Donald, description of Communist policy in Xinjiang
Mecca
Meigu county
Mekong River
Mengcun
Menghai
Mengla
Mewa (Hongyuan County)
Miao
Middle East
Milarepa
Ming dynasty (1368–1644)
Min Han jiantong (“equal competence in Han and minority languages”)
Ministry of Coal
Ministry of Land Reclamation
Ministry of Petroleum (China National Oil Corporation)
Minjian (“popular organizations”)
Minzu Affairs Commission
Minzu chuban she (“ethnic publishing houses”)
Minzu fenliehzhu fenzi (“ethnic splittists”)
Minzu ganbu (“ethnic functionaries”)
ineffectiveness of
Minzu hua (“ethnicization”)
Minzu jinghua (“ethnic elites”)
Minzu shibie (“ethnic identification”)
Minzu xuexiao (“ethnic schools”)
Minzu youpai (“ethnic rightists”)
Minzu zhengce (“ethnic policy”)
Mojiang
Mongolian People’s Republic (MPR)
founding
Mongolian-Tibetan Affairs Commission
Mongols, in Manchuria
Mongols and Mongolia
and Mongour (Tuzu)
and nationalism
Most Favored Nation (MFN)
Muli County
Muslims
and Chinese Communists
divisions among
Namaz (“prayers”)
Nangchen Chinghu Gyelpo (“king of Nangchen in Qinghai”)
Nanjiang
Nanjing
Nanniwan
National People’s Congress (NPC)
Native language instruction, in Sipsong Panna
Nehru, Jawaharlal
Neidi (“the interior”)
Nepal
New Delhi
New York City
Ningxia
violence in
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
Nixon, Richard
Nongjiang (“state farms”)
Nyingmapa order
Nyingmapa Shrisimha College
Oakes, Tim, and tourism in Guizhou
Office of Strategic Services (OSS)
Ordos Desert
Ordos Mongols
Ordos Municipality
Osama bin Laden
Otog Front banner
Ötkür, Abdurehim
Ottoman Empire
Outer Mongolia
Oyunchimeg
Pakistan
Panchen Lama
conflict over
death of
Panthay rebellion
Pastoralism, and Mongol heritage
People’s Armed Police
People’s Liberation Army (PLA)
and invasion of Tibet
and suppression of Shadian
in Xinjiang
People’s Republic of China (PRC)
early policy of toward Hui
founding of
policy of toward Tibet
Persian and Persians
Pighan
Pingnan Guo (“the State that pacifies the South”)
Political Consultative Congress, ineffectiveness of
Potala Palace
Powell, Colin (U.S. Secretary of State)
Premi
Production and Construction Corps (PCC)
composition of
and economic power
objectives of
Qian Fengyun
Qidong
Qing dynasty (1644)
collapse of
expansionist policy of
and Muslim and Panthay rebellions
policy of in Mongolia
policy of in Tibet
Qinghai Province
Tibetans in
violence in
Qingzhen (halāl)
Radio Free Asia
Red Guards
Rehe Province
Religious Affairs Office (Zongjiao Shiwu Ju)
Rencai (“talented individuals”)
Republican China
policy of in Inner Mongolia
Republic of Mongolia
and splits with Inner Mongolia
Roosevelt, Franklin
Rubber plantations
Rudelson, Justin
Ruohua minzu yishi (“reduce ethnic consciousness”)
Ruoqiang
Russian language and script
Sakya Pandita
Sala Hui (Salars)
Sanpo
and tanning and fur industries
and women’s mosques (nusi)
Saudi Arabia
Sautman, Barry
Sāypidin (Saifudin) Āzizi
Sayyid Ajall Shams ad-Din (Sai Dianchi)
Serko Monastery
Serta County
Seventeen-Point Agreement for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet
Shaanxi Province
Shadian
Communist suppression of
Shandong Province, violence in
Shanghai
Shanghai Five
Shanghen wenxue (“scar literature”)
Shanshan County
Shantou Hanzu (“mountain Han”)
Shari’a (religious law)
Shedra (religious school)
Sheikh (shaykh, she-hai, laorenjia)
Shenyang
Shenzhen
Sherab
Shigatse
Shihezi
Shirisimha College
Shuoshi (master’s degree)
Siberia
Sichuan Province
and migrants to Panna
Tibetans in
women sex workers in
Sikkim
Silingol
Simla Convention
Sine Lama
Singapore
Sino-American relations
Sino-Arabian calligraphy
Sino-Arabic schools
Sino-Soviet split: influence of in Inner Mongolia
impact of in Xinjiang
Sino-Tibetan relations: early history of
independent status of
in Qing era
and rebellion
Sipsong Panna (Panna): and attitudes toward independence
Buddhist education in
and Chinese “civilizing mission”
Chinese migration into
drug trade in
education in
and natural resource management
in pre-Communist era
prostitution in
and religion
tourism in
Sishi (personal matter)
Slezkine, Yuri, on Soviet nationality policy
Snow, Edgar
Social Darwinism, definition of Hui
Socialist Education campaign
Song dynasty (960–1279)
Song Hanliang
Southeast Asia
South Korea
Soviet Central Asia
Soviet Far East
Soviet Union
and aid to Inner Mongolia
and privileges in Xinjiang
Splittism
Stalin, Josef
State Council Information Office
State Department (U.S.). See United States
State Nationalities Affairs Commission
Strasbourg
Students for a Free Tibet
Sufi orders (tarïqa)
spread and influence of
Suiyuan Province
Sunni Islam
Sun Yat-sen
Su Qianyi
Suzhou
Tacheng County Autonomous District
Ta Chung Kuo (Da Zhongguo)
Tai
Buddhism in
Chinese images of
Communist policy toward
language and script of
shop owners in
Tai Autonomous Prefecture
founding of
Tai Lüe
Tai Na
Taiwan
Tajiks and Tajikistan
Taliban
Talip (religious pupils)
Tang dynasty (618–907)
Tanjur
Tao River
Tarim basin
Tashi Lhunpo Monastery
Tatars
Thailand
and contact with Tai Buddhists
relations of with Tai
and thangka painting
Theravada Buddhism
Tiananmen Square
Tianshan Mountains
Tianxinglong
Tibet and Tibetans
and advocates of hardline policy toward
and Buddhism
and contact with Tibetan exiles
and economic growth
and insults to Chinese
and and language and education
and Manchu invasion
and Military Administration Bureau
and Military Area Headquarters
and monasteries
and preservation of Tibetan language
and rebellion
and religion
and religious revival
and riots
sinicization of
Sino-Tibetan negotiations with
and tighter security
and writing of textbooks
Tibet Information Network
Tibetan Autonomous Region (TAR)
and plans for autonomy
Tibetan Buddhism
revival
Tibetan monasteries, Chinese in
Tibetan People’s Party
Tibetan Youth League
Ting Mao
Tokyo
Tomorbagan
Tömür Dawamät
Tongliao municipality
Toops, Stanley
Tourism, problems with in Sipsong Panna
Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Understanding (1950)
Tshurpu Monastery
Tuanjie (“unity”)
Tulkus (“incarnation”)
Tumed Mongols
Turghun Almas
Turkic languages
Turkish Islamic Republic of Eastern Turkistan
Turkistan
Turks and Turkic peoples
Ulaanchab League
Ulaanhot (Wangiin Sume)
‘Ulamā (ahong, akhund) (Muslim leader)
role of
Ulanhu
as chair of Inner Mongolian government
removal of
Ulji
Umma
United Front Department
United Front policy
United Nations
United States
Congress of
Congressional Human Rights Caucus of
embassy of in New Delhi
relations of with Tibet
and sovereignty for Tibet
State Department of
strategy of in Tibet
Ürümchi kechlik gäziti (Urumqi Evening News)
Urumqi
Urumqi County
Ushenju
Uygurs
discrimination against
flight of to Soviet Union
separatists among
Vairochana cave
Vajra Divinity Oil (Jingang Shen You)
Vietnam
Voice of America (VOA)
Wahhabism
Wang Enmao
Wang Fengqi
Wangfujing
Wang Qun
Wang Zhen
Waqf (“endowment”)
War on Terrorism, and China
Washington, D.C.
Water Splashing Festival
Wei River Valley
Western Europe
White Russians
World Bank
World War II
Wuchuan County
Wuhai
Xiafang (“sent down”)
Xiahe
Xi’an
Muslim quarter of
urban renewal in
Xi’an Islamic Cultural Study Society (Xi’an Shi Yisilan Wenhua Yanjiuhui)
Xibo
Xibu da kifa (“develop the western regions”)
Xidaotang, role of in mediation and trade
Ximeng
Xincun (“public housing”)
Xing Fengsu (Sexual Customs)
Xinghuibian magazine
Xining
Xinjiang
and Arabic script
censorship in
and Chinese immigration
and Chinese industrial managers
Chinese majority in
and collectivization
as a colony
cotton cultivation in
economic and educational disparities in
environmental problems in
and growth in foreign trade
integration of into China
investment in
investment of in Kazakhstan
language policy of
and Manchu annexation
oil exploration in
People’s Congress of
per capita income in
reform efforts in
relations of with Central Asia
and relations of Uygurs and Chinese
religious policy of
and resource development and conflicts
scarcity of minority leaders in
and state domination of economy
and “tomb” of Chinggis Khan
Xinjiang Academy of Social Sciences
Xinjiang Statistical Yearbook
Xinjiang University
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
founding of
Xuanyuan Guoxin
Yakub Beg
Yalta
Yan’an (northern Shaanxi)
Yan da (“strike hard’)
Yangjin County
Yang Zhilin
Yangzi River
Yanyuan County
Yao
Yekeju League
and economic development
Yellow River
Yi
Yinchuan
Hui in
Religious Affairs Office of
urban renewal in
Youhui zhengce (“preferential policies”)
Younong (“nomadic agriculture”)
Youxiang (“deep-fried dough”)
Yuan dynasty (1271–1368)
Yuehua magazine
Yugoslavia
Yun Bulong
death of
Yunnan and Yunnanese
and ban on logging
and Chinese migrants
in Cultural Revolution
and drug trade
and Tibetans
Yuxi
Zepu County
Zhang Xianliang
Zhangjiakou
Zhao Erfeng
Zhaotong
Zhejiang
Zhengzhou
Zhishi qingnian (“young intellectuals”)
Zhongdian xuexiao (“key schools”)
Zhonghua minzu (“Chinese ethnicity”)
Zhou Enlai
Zhou Hui
Zhou Xin
Zhuang
Zhu Rongyi
Zhushi (“grain foods”)
Zhu Songli
Zizhi (“self-government”)
Zonghe zhili (“comprehensive management”)
Zunghar Mongols
Zuo Zongtang